tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-83651007042540911992024-03-08T02:26:40.296-08:00How to write a criticism paperTransition Words For Writing EssaysRowan Womackhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00240199677306094938noreply@blogger.comBlogger31125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8365100704254091199.post-80251476777200053192020-08-25T00:35:00.001-07:002020-08-25T00:35:05.555-07:00Sanskrit Schlarship Application Form free essay sampleRashtriya Sanskrit Sansthan (Deemed University) 56-57, Institutional Area, Janak Puri, New Delhi-110058 Notification of Scholarship Rashtriya Sanskrit Sansthan (Deemed University) set up by the Government of India for proliferation and advancement of Sanskrit language welcomes applications in the recommended structure for grant of legitimacy Scholarship to: I. Customary understudies considering Sanskrit in any perceived conventional Pathshalas/present day organizations/Secondary/Senior Secondary Schools from ninth to twelfth norm. ii. Ordinary understudies seeking after higher course of studies in Sanskrit in perceived instructive Institutions at the degrees of Shastri/Graduation/Acharya/Post Graduation/Vidyavaridhi/Ph. D. Subtleties for award of grant are as under:S. No. Courses of Study for which Scholarship is given 1. ninth and tenth classes/Purva Madhyama or proportional courses with Sanskrit as a paper of least 100 imprints eleventh twelfth classes/Prak Shastri/UttarMadhyama and comparable courses with Sanskrit as a paper of in any event 100 imprints Shastri/Graduation/B. A. /B. A. (Hons. ) and proportional course of three years span with Sanskrit as a subject of in any event 100 imprints. Qualification Criteria Must have breezed through the past assessment of the separate class with at least 60% imprints or identical in the total and furthermore in the concerned subject I. e. in Sanskrit Must have gone Plus 2 level assessment with a base 60% imprints or identical in the total and furthermore in Sanskrit Must have passed Graduation with in any event 60% stamps in the total in Sanskrit Must have passed Acharya or M. A. in Sanskrit with in any event 60% stamps in the total Scholarship Amount Rs. P. M. 250 2. 300 3. 400 4. Acharya Degree in Sanskrit and its proportionate Post-Graduation Degree 500 5. Vidyavaridhi/Ph. D. also, equal in Sanskrit 1500/ - ** The understudy of Vidyavaridhi/Ph. D and comparable courses will likewise be entitled for a possibility award of Rs. 2000/ - per annum for a long time. Number of Scholarship: Number of Scholarships to be granted every year relies upon the accessibility of assets. Unwinding: Minimum level of imprints for the applicants having a place with the classes referenced beneath under qualification standards will be as under: â⬠SC/ST OBC Women Physically Handicapped Terms Conditions: 1. Understudies more likely than not settled regarding the matter I. e. Sanskrit in the present class of Study for which the person has applied for the Scholarship. Be that as it may, the award of Scholarship will rely upon the imprints made sure about in the past class of study in the concerned subject and furthermore in the total as specified in this notice. 0 % 55% half 2. The Scholarship up to Post-Graduate and proportional courses will be legitimate for one Academic year I. e. (10 months) beginning from the first July and consummation with 30th April. As Scholarship is granted uniquely for one scholastic year based on marks got in the past assessment, understudies need to apply each year once more. It won't be reestablished consequently. 3. The Scholarship for the Ph. D will be reasonable for two entire Years I. e. two years subject to palatable advancement report. 4. Competitors applying for grant for ninth and tenth standard must present the application properly counter marked by the concerned District Education Officer. 5. The Students of resources of Arts or Humanities having Sanskrit as a significant subject will be qualified for grant if there should arise an occurrence of Graduation and Post Graduation level. 6. The Scholarship sum will be payable from the first July of each scholastic year and will be discharged for the sake of the concerned understudies by account payee check through the Head of the concerned foundations. In the event that any understudy wishes to get the Scholarship legitimately in his/her State Bank Account, he/she should outfit State Bank Account number in the application structure clearly. 7. On account of Ph. D and proportionate understudies, the foundation concerned will send Utilization Certificate and progress repot on the work done by the researcher through the guide and Head of the Department, to empower the Sansthan to discharge Scholarship for the subsequent year. 8. An applicant who gets any Scholarship or gets money related advantages from some other establishment won't be considered for Scholarship of the Sansthan under this Scheme. An up-and-comer who acknowledges any profitable employment during the residency of the Scholarship or attempts to some other course of study which doesn't have part of Sanskrit will be excluded from accepting this Scholarship. 9. The Sansthan claims all authority to roll out such improvements in these terms and conditions as it might think about fundamental. The Sansthan additionally maintains whatever authority is needed to dismiss any application after due examination. The choice of the Sansthan in such manner will be conclusive and official. 10. Each understudy will be required to submit application structure through the Competent Authority in the endorsed star forma demonstrating interalia :- I. ) That he/she is seeking after a course of study for which he/she has applied for the Scholarship with Sanskrit as a normal understudy. ii. ) iii. ) iv. ) That he/she isn't in receipt of some other Scholarship from some other source. That he/she isn't utilized anyplace. That during the cash of the Scholarship on the off chance that he/she is granted Scholarship from some other source as well as is utilized he/she will quickly illuminate the Sansthan through legitimate channel. Application methodology: The application on the endorsed structure alongwith confirmed duplicates of the imprint sheet of the most recent qualifying assessment and station/classification declaration in the event of SC/ST/OBC/Physically Handicapped gave by the equipped position must be sent to the Registrar, Rashtriya Sanskrit Sansthan (Deemed University) 56-57, Institutional Area,Janak Puri, New Delhi-110 058 inside one month from the date of distribution of this notice. The application structure can likewise be download from Sansthanââ¬â¢s site www. sanskrit. nic. in Registrar RASHTRIYA SANSKRIT SANSTHAN Deemed University) 56-57, Institutional Area, Janak Puri, New Delhi-110058 Affix bore witness to Passport size photo Application for Scholarship 1. Name of the Student (In Capital letters) : 2. Sexual orientation Tick in the pertinent box Male Female 3. 4. 5. 6. Fatherââ¬â¢s/Husbandââ¬â¢s Name Date of Birth and age on 01. 10. 2010 Class, in which the understudy is contempla ting Stream Tick in the significant box Subjectââ¬â¢s taken : Class Year I,II,III Modern Traditional : 7. 8. Regardless of whether Sanskrit has been offered as a : Major Subject Tick in the significant box Full Name Address of the Institution/: University in which the understudy is examining or accomplishing research work Yes No 9. 10. Name of the Institution and full location of : Head of Department/Principal/Director or the position to whom the check might be sent including PIN code and furthermore versatile no. /email 11. Regardless of whether you have a place with (I) S. C (ii) S. T : (iii) O. B. C. (iv) Handicapped (v) Female (if indeed, Please append duplicate of authentication gave by Competent Authority if there should arise an occurrence of (I) to (iv). 12. Complete Residential/Postal location to : which the implication/correspondence can be sent (Please give telephone no. what's more, email id if accessible) 13. Points of interest of assessments breezed through including most recent qualifying assessment: Please utilize extra sheet whenever required in a similar organization Name of the Examination Year of assessment passed passing body Class/Div. furthermore, by and large %age of imprints Marks in Sanskrit as a Major Subject Total Obtained Percentage 14. 1. For Research Students just Whether understudy has been enlisted for Ph. D/Vidyavaridhi course? Assuming this is the case, kindly outfit I. Enrollment No. what's more, date of : enrollment ii. It would be ideal if you outfit duplicate of confirmation and letter of joining Ph. D/Vidyavaridhi Name of the Research Guide with Full Residential Address/Phone : No. /Email Id. /Mobile No. 2. * Note :- (1)Applications for ninth and tenth standard must be counter marked by the concerned District Education Officer. (2) No segment of the application structure ought to be left clear, which might be subject for dismissal of the application structure. 15. Affirmation I therefore pronounce that all the data given by me in this application structure and reports presented by me on the side of this application are consistent with the best of my insight and conviction. My imprint sheet is appropriately bore witness to by Competent Authority. I likewise pronounce that on the off chance that I am chosen for the Scholarship applied for, I will give my full an ideal opportunity to affirmed course of study/investigate and that I will not attempt some other paid work or get some other Scholarship or some other award from any source during the residency of this Scholarship. Date :â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦. Spot :â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦. Mark ( ) Name of the applicant Recommendation of the sending authority. (Head of Deptt. /Competent authority of the University on account of Reasearch understudy and Head of the Department/Head of Institution/Prinicpal of the Institution if there should be an occurrence of the understudy of other course of studies) Guaranteed that________________________________is a standard understudy/look into Scholar in Name of candidate ____________________________________________________________ _________________ Name of the college/foundation and address in full according to the records, the date of affirmation and enrolment number of the understudy to the above Course is as under:Enrolment No Academic Session Date of confirmation Class to which conceded Date :â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦ Signature of Head of Deptt. /Head of Institution/Principal with legitimate seal Place:â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦. Countersignatures of District Education Officer (if there should be an occurrence of understudies of ninth tenth norm) Request to the sending authority: Forwarding specialists are mentioned to accord top need in sending the application with the goal that the qualified understudies don't pass up on the chance of being considered for Scholarship due to non receipt of utilization on schedule. IMPORTA Rowan Womackhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00240199677306094938noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8365100704254091199.post-11179177946643351862020-08-22T02:40:00.001-07:002020-08-22T02:40:13.663-07:00Louis Isadore Kahn And The Salk Institute Essays - Louis KahnLouis Isadore Kahn And The Salk Institute Essays - Louis Kahn Louis Isadore Kahn And The Salk Institute Louis Kahn and The Salk Institute Remaining solitary against the interminable blue ocean, the Salk Institute by Louis I. Kahn is exceptional. Louis Kahn's Salk Institute for Biological Studies on the Pacific coast close La Jolla desires inside its own soul to a request accomplished through clearness, definition, and consistency of application(Heyer 195). To many, this sublime structure may appear to be strange, however it functions admirably with the general condition due to the spatial coherence that it has. The connection to the site, the structural attributes, and the thoughts of worker versus served, join to accomplish an incredible feeling of request in the Salk Institute. A significant number of the thoughts that went into the development of this plan are as yet used in engineering today. Kahn's cutting edge configuration exploits the air by opening up a wide court between two research and lab wings giving a perspective on the excellent Pacific Ocean and the coastline (Ghirardo 227). The research facilities are isolated from the investigation regions, and each examination has a perspective on the brilliant blue Pacific with flat light pouring in. This permits researchers to take a break from their wild investigations and clear their brains with an amazing perspective. Comparable to this thought Kahn expressed, I isolated the examinations from the research facility and set them over the nurseries. Presently one need not invest all the energy in the research centers (Ronner 158). The two lab wings are balanced about a little stream that goes through the center of the patio and feeds into the sea. This consistent boycott of water streaming towards the ocean represents the achievement that human can achieve. I thought this thought had a commendable nearness, considering t he Salk Institute is one that advances research and study. Along these lines, the patio is considered the faade to the sky. Kahn didn't have to spruce up the land around the arrangement in light of the fact that the Salk Institute is the scene. It is unified with the site. Kahn joins the utilization of structural attributes inside this plan in various manners. The materials utilized included wood, solid, marble, water, and glass, and they all added to the Brutalist ideas and shortsighted arrangement. He accepted that solid was the stone of present day man, and in this way it was to be left with uncovered joints and formwork markings (Ronner 164). Endured wood and glass joined with the solid to build the outside surface. Kahn likewise incorporated mechanical and electrical administrations into this design, which gave research facilities another idea. These innovations were covered up in the structure to proceed with Kahn's quest for request in the arrangement. Roof and segment thoughts were additionally consolidated to isolate the air that you inhale from the air that you discard. Interlocking volumes are available all through the structure, right down to the subtleties on the furnishings (Ghirardo 227). The hireling and served spaces in the Salk Institute make a reliable request, which is apparent all through the plan. The research centers go about as the served spaces, while the worker spaces are spoken to by the examinations. The entirety of the thoughts are started in the investigations or workplaces, and the examination is completed in the labs. In this manner, the worker spaces serve the served spaces. These are by all account not the only ways that the served and worker ideas are engaged with the establishment. A thought that is as yet used right up 'til the present time in all types of design is the manner in which the Kahn controls the utilities through the structure in an unnoticeable way. Served spaces and worker spaces are completely incorporated (Scully 36). Kahn likewise made a help floor under every research facility which built up an entirely adaptable space, and this idea is as yet utilized today (Frampton 245). Ignoring the incomparable Pacific, this is no common pl ace of business. Louis Kahn utilized a mix of present day engineering with much effortlessness to create ostensibly his most noteworthy accomplishment as a modeler. A ton of ideas that he started in this arrangement are still being used everywhere throughout the present reality. The connection to the site, the structural attributes, and the thoughts of worker versus served, all work together to accomplish an extraordinary feeling of request in the Salk Institute. Book index Frampton, Rowan Womackhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00240199677306094938noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8365100704254091199.post-64896248037642248132020-07-26T12:42:00.001-07:002020-07-26T12:42:03.028-07:00Researched RereadingResearched Rereading There are many reasons to reread a book. Children love hearing their favorite stories over and over. Moms and dads read Goodnight Moon until the words pain them. After we learn to read on our own, many young bookworms reread resonating books obsessively in adolescence. In adulthood, when time is not on our side, we reserve our precious reading hours to mostly new books. When we do reread, it often falls into a pattern. We either want to relive a literary love affair, or we want to spend time with old chums because they are such comfortable companions on stressful days. Sometimes we reread because we just canât cope with making new fictional friends. We need an imaginary friend with history. Later on in life, when wrinkles appear on the backs of our hands and memories fade, nostalgia pulls us back to fondly reexperience those cherished books we imprinted on in our younger days. Thereâs another kind of rereading that appeals to the scholarly, would-be writers, ardent fans of authors, and the ontological tormented. They reread not for pleasure, but story enlightenment. The first time we read a book it must stand on its own. Readers donât need to know anything about the author, how the story was written, or if it was based on real people and events. The second reading is where we come to a fork in the road. We can still reread for fun, or we can reread with research, seeking contextual insights. Most Book Riot readers know all about rereading for fun because this site endearingly covers that topic often. But how many of us enjoy studying how writers pull off their magic? When I read a book for the second time I want to know its ontology. How did the book come into existence? How did the author discover the story? Was the story based on real people? If so, who were they, what were they like, how did they feel about the author, what were their reactions to becoming characters, and what happened to them when their fictional counterparts became literary legends? Was the public reaction kind or hateful? Did the book have social impact? Is it fading away, or becoming a classic? Iâm not a literary scholar who deconstructs books academically. My ontological curiosity makes me reread like an amateur historian, hoping to understand the actual genealogy of a book. Thomas Piketty made his brilliant economic work, Capital in the Twenty First Century far more engaging by citing 19th central novels, revealing historical monetary data embedded in fiction. Thatâs why I also enjoyed Jane Austen For Dummies by Joan Klingel Ray and What Jane Austen Ate and Charles Dickens Knew by Daniel Pool as rereading supplements. Second readings are more rewarding when I know how they fit into history. I also read biographies of authors, studying those sections that cover the authorâs life when they wrote the book. Its fulfilling to understand what motivates writers. Biographies, interviews, documentaries tell us this kind of information. Just last week PBS ran programs on Alice Walker and Flannery OConner which made me want to do some rereading. I love finding biographies of books. Such books about books are rare but worth seeking. They do all the research for supplementing a perfect reread. Ive read The Sun Also Rises by Ernest Hemingway three times. After reading The Paris Wife by Paula McLain I wondered why Hemingway left his wife Hadley out of The Sun Also Rises (which is very autobiographical). I even wrote an essay about that mystery. Recently Everyone Behaved Badly by Lesley M. M. Blume came out and answered almost all my questions. Everyone Behaved Badly contains exactly the kind of knowledge I want when I reread a book fiction or nonfiction. Two more book biographies Iâve enjoyed lately were The Most Dangerous Book: The Battle for James Joyceâs Ulysses by Kevin Birmingham, and Proustâs Way: A Field Guide to In Search of Lost Time by Roger Shattuck. Sadly, most books donât have their own biography. Such handy co-reads for my re-reads are rare. That forces me to do detective work myself. Google is convenient, but sometimes research involves library work. But any book worth reading twice is worth a bit of detective footwork. Sometimes reprint editions include contextual information. My copy of The Time Machine by H. G. Wells is a Norton Critical Edition that contains the story, original book reviews, and scholarly essays about its literary and social impact. Time Travel: A History by James Gleick went even further, showing how Wellsâ story mutated over time in popular culture. I recently reread The Soul of a New Machine by Tracy Kidder, a nonfiction book I first read after it came out in 1981. During my 2017 rereading, I had to track down online articles, essays, interviews, videos, etc., to satisfy my ontological curiosity while rereading the book. The more I read about the people profiled in The Soul of a New Machine, the more I want to know what has happened to them in the 36 years since. Because Kidderâs prose is so good, I also want to know how he wrote this Pulitzer Prize and National Book Award-winning story. The Soul of a New Machine has been used as a textbook in both business colleges and English departments. It is required reading for anyone studying the history of computing. I ended up blogging about my research, which also improved my rereading experience. Often the books I love rereading involve an exceptional writer fictionalizing or profiling a bigger-than-life real person. For example, On the Road, Jack Kerouac writes about Neal Cassidy. Cassidy was so fascinating he was used as a character by many writers, and the subject of many works of nonfiction, including Tom Wolfeâs book about Ken Kesey, The Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test. Which is more thrilling â" being the writer of a great book, or the protagonist in that book? In The Soul of a New Machine, Tracy Kidder profiles Tom West, a manager who secretly assembles a team of brilliant young engineers to build a new 32-bit minicomputer in 1978-1980 under a brutal deadline. I wonder if this story didnât inspire Steve Jobs when he managed the folks who built the Macintosh. Who do I envy more, Tracy Kidder or Tom West? Not only did Kidder win top writing awards, he produced an early example of creative nonfiction, nonfiction that reads like a fiction. On the other hand, Tom West gav e birth to a computer by inspiring a couple dozen brilliant men and women, half of which were just out of college. First readings are mostly about the plot. Weâre anxious to know what happens. Other aspects, such as characterization in fiction and content for nonfiction are important, but plot drives compulsive storytelling. Modern creative nonfiction has borrowed techniques from novels to make their narrative more compelling. Second readings are about going deeper into characterization and observing the authorâs skill at story construction. A great book will represent a lifetime of experience containing so many dimensions that it will be impossible to grasp in one reading. Researched rereading helps us comprehend the magnitude of effort that went into writing a book. Even if a reader reads very slowly, savoring the words, taking their time to carefully decode every intent of the author, I doubt theyll comprehend 25% percent of the embedded information in a first reading. Speed readers get even less. It takes several readings to digest a book, even if the reader is judging the book by itself. To understand a book in its ontological context requires supplemental external reading. I love to consume books. But if Iâm honest with myself, I know speed reading is like driving through Miami on the way to Key West and claiming Iâve been to Miami. Reading a book slowly is like staying several days. Rereading is like staying a few weeks. Ontological studying a book is like living in Miami for a year. Some scholars study their favorite books with such devotion that they have become permanent residents. Rowan Womackhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00240199677306094938noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8365100704254091199.post-90355201026618147352020-05-22T10:34:00.001-07:002020-05-22T10:34:03.122-07:00How A Wild Tongue By Gloria Anzaldua And How Soccer... Title Throughout the years many people have experienced where he or she does not fit in a certain type of group or society because they are not accepted through the rest of society. In the short stories, ââ¬Å"How to Tame a wild Tongue by Gloria Anzaldua and ââ¬Å"How Soccer Explains the World: An Unlikely Theory of Globalizationâ⬠by Franklin Foer both authors talk about how society didnââ¬â¢t accept them because they were different from the ââ¬Å"social normsâ⬠through the relationship of the individual and the community. With so many expectations from society the individual feels pressured from the rest of the group because they are different than others. With the pressure from others in the group, the individual becomes different by not acting like themselves just so they can f but the individual sometimes tends to forget what they believe in or even causing equality between each other. In the story ââ¬Å"How to Tame a Wild Tongueâ⬠, the author talks about how she felt different from the rest of society because she spoke different than other people in her ââ¬Å"groupâ⬠. Anzaldua first talks about how she feels she doesnââ¬â¢t feel that she belongs because she isnââ¬â¢t accepted from the group. She tends to change up her language throughout the groups that she interacts with. She spoke eight different languages which were: standard English, working class and slang class, standard Spanish, standard Mexican Spanish, North Mexican dialect, Chicano Spanish, Tex-Mex, and Pachuco. The only place where she feels Rowan Womackhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00240199677306094938noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8365100704254091199.post-87215259101813156372020-05-08T17:50:00.001-07:002020-05-08T17:50:02.987-07:00Throughout History, The Roles Of Genders Have Acted In Throughout history, the roles of genders have acted in many different ways. Women seemed to be considered fragile, while men were the strong and emotionless. Coming into the light in the 1920ââ¬â¢s was Ernest Hemingwayââ¬â¢s novel that switched these positions. Hemingway displayed gender roles in The Sun also Rises in a cunning new way. The traditional ways of the 1920ââ¬â¢s for men and women were incorporated into his novel making the reversed roles more realistic to his readers. From the beginning to the end of the novel, Hemingway included points that challenged the stereotypical roles of men and women. To start the novel, Jake Barnes begins to describe Robert Cohn and his time as a ââ¬Å"Middleweight Boxing Champion.â⬠Even though this position can beâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Jake not only indicates that him and Brett could have been good together, he also speaks for all of the characters in the sense that everyone has their dreams that can not be fulfilled. The best any of them could do was indulge in their fantasies. Not only does Hemingway show the reversed roles of the characterââ¬â¢s mentally, but he also shows it by the way of their actions and physical appearance. When Brett was first introduced in the novel, she came into a club with a group of homosexual men. Other than the fact that homosexuals were considered odd and unethical in the 1920ââ¬â¢s, Jake felt uncomfortable by their presence. The matter of Jake being unable to reproduce and these men who were obviously capable of such an activity but refused to use it in that way made Jake insecure and weaker in his own mind. According to Dana Fore (2010), ââ¬Å"...Jake will never achieve the psychological stability he craves because...his injury-and other ideas, in turn, will always leave him vulnerable to the fear that he will ââ¬Ëdegenerateââ¬â¢ into an invalid or a ââ¬Ëpervertââ¬â¢.â⬠Along with the fact she was in the company of these men, she was dres sed in a very non-traditional way. Hemingway stated in chapter 3, Jake Barnes described Brett as, ââ¬Å"...damn good-looking. She wore a slipover jersey....her hair was brushed back like a boyââ¬â¢s,â⬠(p.30). Many ways that Jake had described Brett were expressing how she did not have the typical looks of a traditional woman, butShow MoreRelatedWomen s Influence On The Formation Of The New Land971 Words à |à 4 PagesThroughout history men have been conquers, captains, leaders, kings, and have left a print in history. On the other hand, women are depicted as weak and fragile, unable to fend for themselves. According to society women need a strong masculine man to protect and provide for them. What if I told all that couldââ¬â¢ve been different in a new world where women and men could be free, own land, and practice any religion, would you go? Many European settlers fled England with hopes to break free from traditionRead MoreGender Roles And Inequality During The 21st Century Essay1425 Words à |à 6 PagesIn context of today, gender roles and inequality is controversial and has sparked numerous social debates across the world. 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Women have basic functions and characteristics as dictated by nature through evolution. Women are capable of social and emotional intelligence. They also play an important role as human beings and have various characteristics that are represented and essential to mankind. The social roles are an important factor and these issues affect women. The female is represented in the primary source as being inferior to men. Theyââ¬â¢re also known to have less energy, patience, and less Rowan Womackhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00240199677306094938noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8365100704254091199.post-8681860004510857072020-05-06T09:49:00.003-07:002020-05-06T09:49:03.513-07:00New World of Business Free Essays The article ââ¬Å"Knowledge Management for the New World of Businessâ⬠by Yogesh Malhotra discusses the importance of changes, information technologies and innovations as the main drives of business success. The author shows that attitudes towards knowledge management have been changed and nowadays knowledge management offers new ideas and concepts how to make business successful, innovative and, what is more important, socially responsible. The paper is retrieved from online database through search engines. We will write a custom essay sample on New World of Business or any similar topic only for you Order Now Despite the paper is online source, the author offers well-supported, well-structured and well-organized study of world business in terms of knowledge management. Further, the paper is directly related with knowledge management filed as the author discusses the importance of knowledge, innovations, information technologies and changes which are known to be key components of knowledge management field. (Malhotra 1998) Malhotra says that today is the era of information technologies being associated with knowledge. The author argues that knowledge is critical source in business activity as it drives company either to success or complete failure.à New technologies as, for example, intranets, data-mining, web-casting and video-conferencing, offer new ways of meeting business challenges in knowledge era. Moreover, information technologies are encouraged by press trade. As a result, information technologies positively contribute business performance. For example, intranets and networks are effective in increasing inherent capabilities to facilitate knowledge management. (Malhotra 1998) Business is experiencing transition from the era of competitive advantage to the era of knowledge creation. Earlier business was characterized by low levels of changes and innovations. However, ââ¬Å"the new world of knowledge-based industries is distinguished by its emphasis on precognition and adaptation in contrast to the traditional emphasis on optimization based on predictionâ⬠. (Malhotra 1998) The author argues that knowledge-based business world is characterized by re-definition and re-evaluation of organizational objectives, goals, and missions. Simply saying, the business re-shapes the way of arranging things. Business environment is motivated by radical changes and innovations which ââ¬Å"overwhelm the traditional organizational response of predicting and reacting based on pre-programmed heuristicsâ⬠. (Malhotra 1998) Modern business world requires anticipatory response, and demands flexibility and resurfacing of old assumptions. Modern world tends not play following predictable rules ââ¬â instead, it tends to change these rules and to keep changing. As result, new types of organizations have emerged: business ecosystems and virtual corporations. (Malhotra 1998) The author offers his own definition of knowledge management for a new business world and stresses that new definition should go beyond quick and predictable views of many others. Instead, definition should move executives, managers and common employees to think strategically and critically about the purpose of knowledge management. Malhotra says that knowledge managements is critical to organizational adaptation and survival as it drives and monitors environmental changes. Knowledge management ââ¬Å"embodies organizational processes that seek synergistic combination of data and information processing capacity of information technologies, and the creative and innovative capacity of human beingsâ⬠. (Malhotra 1998) Nevertheless, one problem exists as there is confusion between the terms ââ¬Ëknowledgeââ¬â¢ and ââ¬Ëinformationââ¬â¢. The author claims that these notions are distinct entities as information is generated by computer systems and human interpretation of actions, whereas knowledge is of subjective nature. Malhotra recommends business managers to realize that knowledge is imbedded in them and the process of knowledge acquiring is social interactions. It is emphasized that knowledge creation depends solely on human beings as computers are only tools with information-gathering capabilities. New world of business is defined as wicked environment which requires interpretations of information and knowledge. (Malhotra 1998) One more positive moment in the article is that the author offers recommendations how to incorporate knowledge management in business activities. Firstly, it is necessary to refuse to control employees and their behaviors through setting predictable and pre-defined objectives and procedures. Instead, it would be better to create organization being capable of constructing diverse meanings. Secondly, the author recommends re-evaluating companies ideas how to arrange things and practices. Executive managers should consider dynamically changing business environment, as well as external and internal threats.à Thirdly, it is effective to invest in ââ¬Å"multiple and diverse interpretations to enable constructive conflict mode of inquiry and, thus, lessen oversimplification of issues or premature decision closureâ⬠. (Malhotra 1998) Summing up, new business world offers new opportunities of success and knowledge plays crucial role in this process. New strategies are to encourage human imagination and creativity to promote internal diversity and to meet the needs and demands of the wicked environment. à Knowledge management makes companies and organizations re-think and re-evaluate their goals and practices, as well as use the power of knowledge in finding new ways of improving business performance. (Malhotra 1998) Works Cited Malhotra, Yogesh. 1998. Knowledge Management for the New World of Business. Available at http://www.brint.com/km/whatis.htm.à Accessed March 15, 2008. How to cite New World of Business, Essay examples New World of Business Free Essays The article ââ¬Å"Knowledge Management for the New World of Businessâ⬠by Yogesh Malhotra discusses the importance of changes, information technologies and innovations as the main drives of business success. The author shows that attitudes towards knowledge management have been changed and nowadays knowledge management offers new ideas and concepts how to make business successful, innovative and, what is more important, socially responsible. The paper is retrieved from online database through search engines. We will write a custom essay sample on New World of Business or any similar topic only for you Order Now Despite the paper is online source, the author offers well-supported, well-structured and well-organized study of world business in terms of knowledge management. Further, the paper is directly related with knowledge management filed as the author discusses the importance of knowledge, innovations, information technologies and changes which are known to be key components of knowledge management field. (Malhotra 1998) Malhotra says that today is the era of information technologies being associated with knowledge. The author argues that knowledge is critical source in business activity as it drives company either to success or complete failure.à New technologies as, for example, intranets, data-mining, web-casting and video-conferencing, offer new ways of meeting business challenges in knowledge era. Moreover, information technologies are encouraged by press trade. As a result, information technologies positively contribute business performance. For example, intranets and networks are effective in increasing inherent capabilities to facilitate knowledge management. (Malhotra 1998) Business is experiencing transition from the era of competitive advantage to the era of knowledge creation. Earlier business was characterized by low levels of changes and innovations. However, ââ¬Å"the new world of knowledge-based industries is distinguished by its emphasis on precognition and adaptation in contrast to the traditional emphasis on optimization based on predictionâ⬠. (Malhotra 1998) The author argues that knowledge-based business world is characterized by re-definition and re-evaluation of organizational objectives, goals, and missions. Simply saying, the business re-shapes the way of arranging things. Business environment is motivated by radical changes and innovations which ââ¬Å"overwhelm the traditional organizational response of predicting and reacting based on pre-programmed heuristicsâ⬠. (Malhotra 1998) Modern business world requires anticipatory response, and demands flexibility and resurfacing of old assumptions. Modern world tends not play following predictable rules ââ¬â instead, it tends to change these rules and to keep changing. As result, new types of organizations have emerged: business ecosystems and virtual corporations. (Malhotra 1998) The author offers his own definition of knowledge management for a new business world and stresses that new definition should go beyond quick and predictable views of many others. Instead, definition should move executives, managers and common employees to think strategically and critically about the purpose of knowledge management. Malhotra says that knowledge managements is critical to organizational adaptation and survival as it drives and monitors environmental changes. Knowledge management ââ¬Å"embodies organizational processes that seek synergistic combination of data and information processing capacity of information technologies, and the creative and innovative capacity of human beingsâ⬠. (Malhotra 1998) Nevertheless, one problem exists as there is confusion between the terms ââ¬Ëknowledgeââ¬â¢ and ââ¬Ëinformationââ¬â¢. The author claims that these notions are distinct entities as information is generated by computer systems and human interpretation of actions, whereas knowledge is of subjective nature. Malhotra recommends business managers to realize that knowledge is imbedded in them and the process of knowledge acquiring is social interactions. It is emphasized that knowledge creation depends solely on human beings as computers are only tools with information-gathering capabilities. New world of business is defined as wicked environment which requires interpretations of information and knowledge. (Malhotra 1998) One more positive moment in the article is that the author offers recommendations how to incorporate knowledge management in business activities. Firstly, it is necessary to refuse to control employees and their behaviors through setting predictable and pre-defined objectives and procedures. Instead, it would be better to create organization being capable of constructing diverse meanings. Secondly, the author recommends re-evaluating companies ideas how to arrange things and practices. Executive managers should consider dynamically changing business environment, as well as external and internal threats.à Thirdly, it is effective to invest in ââ¬Å"multiple and diverse interpretations to enable constructive conflict mode of inquiry and, thus, lessen oversimplification of issues or premature decision closureâ⬠. (Malhotra 1998) Summing up, new business world offers new opportunities of success and knowledge plays crucial role in this process. New strategies are to encourage human imagination and creativity to promote internal diversity and to meet the needs and demands of the wicked environment. à Knowledge management makes companies and organizations re-think and re-evaluate their goals and practices, as well as use the power of knowledge in finding new ways of improving business performance. (Malhotra 1998) Works Cited Malhotra, Yogesh. 1998. Knowledge Management for the New World of Business. Available at http://www.brint.com/km/whatis.htm.à Accessed March 15, 2008. How to cite New World of Business, Essay examples Rowan Womackhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00240199677306094938noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8365100704254091199.post-6896249190193897562020-05-06T09:49:00.001-07:002020-05-06T09:49:02.918-07:00New World of Business Free Essays The article ââ¬Å"Knowledge Management for the New World of Businessâ⬠by Yogesh Malhotra discusses the importance of changes, information technologies and innovations as the main drives of business success. The author shows that attitudes towards knowledge management have been changed and nowadays knowledge management offers new ideas and concepts how to make business successful, innovative and, what is more important, socially responsible. The paper is retrieved from online database through search engines. We will write a custom essay sample on New World of Business or any similar topic only for you Order Now Despite the paper is online source, the author offers well-supported, well-structured and well-organized study of world business in terms of knowledge management. Further, the paper is directly related with knowledge management filed as the author discusses the importance of knowledge, innovations, information technologies and changes which are known to be key components of knowledge management field. (Malhotra 1998) Malhotra says that today is the era of information technologies being associated with knowledge. The author argues that knowledge is critical source in business activity as it drives company either to success or complete failure.à New technologies as, for example, intranets, data-mining, web-casting and video-conferencing, offer new ways of meeting business challenges in knowledge era. Moreover, information technologies are encouraged by press trade. As a result, information technologies positively contribute business performance. For example, intranets and networks are effective in increasing inherent capabilities to facilitate knowledge management. (Malhotra 1998) Business is experiencing transition from the era of competitive advantage to the era of knowledge creation. Earlier business was characterized by low levels of changes and innovations. However, ââ¬Å"the new world of knowledge-based industries is distinguished by its emphasis on precognition and adaptation in contrast to the traditional emphasis on optimization based on predictionâ⬠. (Malhotra 1998) The author argues that knowledge-based business world is characterized by re-definition and re-evaluation of organizational objectives, goals, and missions. Simply saying, the business re-shapes the way of arranging things. Business environment is motivated by radical changes and innovations which ââ¬Å"overwhelm the traditional organizational response of predicting and reacting based on pre-programmed heuristicsâ⬠. (Malhotra 1998) Modern business world requires anticipatory response, and demands flexibility and resurfacing of old assumptions. Modern world tends not play following predictable rules ââ¬â instead, it tends to change these rules and to keep changing. As result, new types of organizations have emerged: business ecosystems and virtual corporations. (Malhotra 1998) The author offers his own definition of knowledge management for a new business world and stresses that new definition should go beyond quick and predictable views of many others. Instead, definition should move executives, managers and common employees to think strategically and critically about the purpose of knowledge management. Malhotra says that knowledge managements is critical to organizational adaptation and survival as it drives and monitors environmental changes. Knowledge management ââ¬Å"embodies organizational processes that seek synergistic combination of data and information processing capacity of information technologies, and the creative and innovative capacity of human beingsâ⬠. (Malhotra 1998) Nevertheless, one problem exists as there is confusion between the terms ââ¬Ëknowledgeââ¬â¢ and ââ¬Ëinformationââ¬â¢. The author claims that these notions are distinct entities as information is generated by computer systems and human interpretation of actions, whereas knowledge is of subjective nature. Malhotra recommends business managers to realize that knowledge is imbedded in them and the process of knowledge acquiring is social interactions. It is emphasized that knowledge creation depends solely on human beings as computers are only tools with information-gathering capabilities. New world of business is defined as wicked environment which requires interpretations of information and knowledge. (Malhotra 1998) One more positive moment in the article is that the author offers recommendations how to incorporate knowledge management in business activities. Firstly, it is necessary to refuse to control employees and their behaviors through setting predictable and pre-defined objectives and procedures. Instead, it would be better to create organization being capable of constructing diverse meanings. Secondly, the author recommends re-evaluating companies ideas how to arrange things and practices. Executive managers should consider dynamically changing business environment, as well as external and internal threats.à Thirdly, it is effective to invest in ââ¬Å"multiple and diverse interpretations to enable constructive conflict mode of inquiry and, thus, lessen oversimplification of issues or premature decision closureâ⬠. (Malhotra 1998) Summing up, new business world offers new opportunities of success and knowledge plays crucial role in this process. New strategies are to encourage human imagination and creativity to promote internal diversity and to meet the needs and demands of the wicked environment. à Knowledge management makes companies and organizations re-think and re-evaluate their goals and practices, as well as use the power of knowledge in finding new ways of improving business performance. (Malhotra 1998) Works Cited Malhotra, Yogesh. 1998. Knowledge Management for the New World of Business. Available at http://www.brint.com/km/whatis.htm.à Accessed March 15, 2008. How to cite New World of Business, Essay examples New World of Business Free Essays The article ââ¬Å"Knowledge Management for the New World of Businessâ⬠by Yogesh Malhotra discusses the importance of changes, information technologies and innovations as the main drives of business success. The author shows that attitudes towards knowledge management have been changed and nowadays knowledge management offers new ideas and concepts how to make business successful, innovative and, what is more important, socially responsible. The paper is retrieved from online database through search engines. We will write a custom essay sample on New World of Business or any similar topic only for you Order Now Despite the paper is online source, the author offers well-supported, well-structured and well-organized study of world business in terms of knowledge management. Further, the paper is directly related with knowledge management filed as the author discusses the importance of knowledge, innovations, information technologies and changes which are known to be key components of knowledge management field. (Malhotra 1998) Malhotra says that today is the era of information technologies being associated with knowledge. The author argues that knowledge is critical source in business activity as it drives company either to success or complete failure.à New technologies as, for example, intranets, data-mining, web-casting and video-conferencing, offer new ways of meeting business challenges in knowledge era. Moreover, information technologies are encouraged by press trade. As a result, information technologies positively contribute business performance. For example, intranets and networks are effective in increasing inherent capabilities to facilitate knowledge management. (Malhotra 1998) Business is experiencing transition from the era of competitive advantage to the era of knowledge creation. Earlier business was characterized by low levels of changes and innovations. However, ââ¬Å"the new world of knowledge-based industries is distinguished by its emphasis on precognition and adaptation in contrast to the traditional emphasis on optimization based on predictionâ⬠. (Malhotra 1998) The author argues that knowledge-based business world is characterized by re-definition and re-evaluation of organizational objectives, goals, and missions. Simply saying, the business re-shapes the way of arranging things. Business environment is motivated by radical changes and innovations which ââ¬Å"overwhelm the traditional organizational response of predicting and reacting based on pre-programmed heuristicsâ⬠. (Malhotra 1998) Modern business world requires anticipatory response, and demands flexibility and resurfacing of old assumptions. Modern world tends not play following predictable rules ââ¬â instead, it tends to change these rules and to keep changing. As result, new types of organizations have emerged: business ecosystems and virtual corporations. (Malhotra 1998) The author offers his own definition of knowledge management for a new business world and stresses that new definition should go beyond quick and predictable views of many others. Instead, definition should move executives, managers and common employees to think strategically and critically about the purpose of knowledge management. Malhotra says that knowledge managements is critical to organizational adaptation and survival as it drives and monitors environmental changes. Knowledge management ââ¬Å"embodies organizational processes that seek synergistic combination of data and information processing capacity of information technologies, and the creative and innovative capacity of human beingsâ⬠. (Malhotra 1998) Nevertheless, one problem exists as there is confusion between the terms ââ¬Ëknowledgeââ¬â¢ and ââ¬Ëinformationââ¬â¢. The author claims that these notions are distinct entities as information is generated by computer systems and human interpretation of actions, whereas knowledge is of subjective nature. Malhotra recommends business managers to realize that knowledge is imbedded in them and the process of knowledge acquiring is social interactions. It is emphasized that knowledge creation depends solely on human beings as computers are only tools with information-gathering capabilities. New world of business is defined as wicked environment which requires interpretations of information and knowledge. (Malhotra 1998) One more positive moment in the article is that the author offers recommendations how to incorporate knowledge management in business activities. Firstly, it is necessary to refuse to control employees and their behaviors through setting predictable and pre-defined objectives and procedures. Instead, it would be better to create organization being capable of constructing diverse meanings. Secondly, the author recommends re-evaluating companies ideas how to arrange things and practices. Executive managers should consider dynamically changing business environment, as well as external and internal threats.à Thirdly, it is effective to invest in ââ¬Å"multiple and diverse interpretations to enable constructive conflict mode of inquiry and, thus, lessen oversimplification of issues or premature decision closureâ⬠. (Malhotra 1998) Summing up, new business world offers new opportunities of success and knowledge plays crucial role in this process. New strategies are to encourage human imagination and creativity to promote internal diversity and to meet the needs and demands of the wicked environment. à Knowledge management makes companies and organizations re-think and re-evaluate their goals and practices, as well as use the power of knowledge in finding new ways of improving business performance. (Malhotra 1998) Works Cited Malhotra, Yogesh. 1998. Knowledge Management for the New World of Business. Available at http://www.brint.com/km/whatis.htm.à Accessed March 15, 2008. How to cite New World of Business, Essay examples Rowan Womackhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00240199677306094938noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8365100704254091199.post-87002203826890117222020-04-28T06:05:00.001-07:002020-04-28T06:05:03.433-07:00The atmosphere in Macbeth is one of nightmare and evil Essay ExampleThe atmosphere in Macbeth is one of nightmare and evil Essay By close reference to incident and language comment on and illustrate the truth of this statement. Macbeth is a story of honour, betrayal, treachery, greed, power and most importantly evil. The story is a tragedy, which from the start indicates there will not be many happy moments or joking. It is the story of a man corrupted by evil, (and his wife! ), and driven by his greed for success. There is murder and bloodshed throughout the play and its dark imagery portrays a disturbing image of those hungry for power. The atmosphere of the play is tense from the very first scene as we see three `weird sisters gathered together. This part of the play is set on a moor, which is a wasteland area. The weather also plays an important part in setting the scene and atmosphere; there is thunder and lightning. The setting of the moor and the stormy weather give an image of a deserted place in the middle of nowhere, giving a feeling of deep tension and anticipation to find out what is happening. In this scene, the language the witches use also makes them appear to be associated with evil, I come, Graymalkin! his is one of the witches answering what appears to be a call from someone or something, most probably from the underworld. We will write a custom essay sample on The atmosphere in Macbeth is one of nightmare and evil specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The atmosphere in Macbeth is one of nightmare and evil specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The atmosphere in Macbeth is one of nightmare and evil specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Graymalkin is a grey cat, in the Elizabethan times cats were considered to be animals that were evil, they were usually associated with witches so the fact that the witches in the play are going when `Graymalkin calls makes them seem to be part of an evil or dark way of life. In the second scene of the first act there are not many pieces of text that can be interpreted into evil but there are lines of the play that do give us an impression of the lead character. This scene is set just fter a huge battle that took place in Scotland. A sergeant is describing to King Duncan how Scotland won the battle, he tells of the bravery of Macbeth and Banquo, two best friends and fighting partners, and how the increasing number of the enemy did not daunt them. Imagery of the battle is described to the King and the gory ways in which Macbeth killed the enemy are used, Till he unseamd him from the nave to the chaps, And fixd his head upon our battlements. Act 1 Scene 3 returns to the witches again and is a very dark scene. It opens with the witches gathering once more and telling ach other of the separate activities they have been up to. One witch told the others she had been killing swine, which doesnt give pleasant thoughts about these `women. The next story they tell shows a certain ruthlessness about the witches and shows they can be spiteful and vindictive over the most ridiculous things. They plan on drowning a sailor because his wife refused to give one of the witches a chestnut. When Macbeth and Banquo enter this scene the dark atmosphere is heightened by the witches as they gather around and start chanting, this would be quite confusing for the two friends and their puzzlement hows, What are these, So witherd and so wild in their attire, that look not like the inhabitants o the earth and yet are on `t? The witches then associate themselves with evil as they prophecies the futures of the two men, this scares Macbeth because they know who he is and their supernatural powers worry him. Further references to the witches in this scene by Banquo show that he believes they are part of something dark and evil. He calls the witches `instruments of darkness and when the first prophecy for Macbeth comes true he says, What! Can the devil speak true? In the fourth scene of the first act Macbeths downward spiral into a world of dark and evil and an atmosphere of shadow and mystery is present as Macbeth gives a small insight into his mind. He seems worried about the thoughts he has after the announcement that Malcolm, Duncans son will become heir to the throne. The idea of murder is playing on his mind and he seems unwilling to let those thoughts come through, Let not light see my black and deep desires. The dark side of Macbeth is fully released once Lady Macbeth is introduced into the play. In the letter she is reading from Macbeth e calls her his ` dearest partner in greatness. This certainly is the case near the beginning of the play as she is the most influential person in Macbeths life and the main reason for his downfall, but later on in the play she fades away with every passing moment and she seems tortured and tormented by what she has done until her ultimate demise. At this point, however, she knows that Macbeth will not consider taking the quickest way to the throne and so follows a very dark passage in which she calls upon demons and spirits to make her ruthless enough to drive Macbeth, Come, you spirits that tend on mortal thoughts! Unsex me here, And fill me from the crown to the toe top-full of direst cruelty. Straight after this scene we are presented with a great contrast as Duncan and his servants arrive at Macbeths castle. They talk of how pleasant the air is and how the castle is in a good location. To emphasise the darkness of the characters Macbeth and Lady Macbeth and what they plan on doing Duncan talks of how a house martin, a bird that normally nests in churches, approves of the castle because of its pleasant singing. This is a very ironic scene that heightens the atmosphere greatly. When Macbeth finally allows himself to think of the murdering of Duncan he has visions of how everyone would react to the death of their `Saintly king and realises that by killing him he would take a step up but this act of treachery would lead to his ultimate fall. This is a powerful scene that shows that Macbeth does have a conscience and a great sense of rationality. Sadly for Macbeth he was also greatly nai ve and he allowed himself to be corrupted by the nearly demonic Lady Macbeth as she curses him with all her effort and questions his manhood. She shows how cruel she would be by escribing the sickening things she would do for power, I have given suck, and know how tender `tis to love the babe that milks me: I would, while it was smiling in my face, Have pluckd my nipple from his boneless gums, And dashd his brains out, Had I so sworn as you to have done this. This is quite a disturbing and memorable image to that gives a great idea of what Lady Macbeths lust for power has driven her to. In the second act there is a great atmosphere of tension as anticipation to Duncans murder grows. Banquo seems on edge, similarly, so does Macbeth. The witches prophecies seem to have been n the minds of both men and has driven the two best friends apart. They both seem wary of each other and when in conversation it is very brief, with short answers and questions asked my both men. There is a bitter irony in this scene as Banquo hands over a gift from Duncan to Macbeth for Lady Macbeth; Duncan gives the diamond to Lady Macbeth with the name, `most kind hostess, not knowing it was she who planned his murder. Macbeths image of a good and honourable man is finally killed off in this part of the play as he prepares himself for the murder of Duncan. As Macbeth speaks to himself he uses dark and evil language that, ombined with his lack of sorrow and lack of compassion increases the sense of evil in the play up to this point. Macbeth is so engrossed with his search for power that he has visions of a dagger leading him to Duncans room and he shows some sort of sense of wicked humour when the signal bell is sounded. I go, and it is done; the bell invites me. Hear it not Duncan; for it is a knell that summons thee to heaven, or to hell. The atmosphere and sense of evil are made more so by the nest scene between Macbeth and Lady Macbeth. He still has blood on him from the murder of Duncan, which indicates the gruesome task he has erformed and leaves evidence of the crime that will haunt Lady Macbeth, at least, for the rest of the play. Macbeth lets the initial weakness he had come through again when he shows remorse for what he had done but this human side of him is quickly dismissed by Lady Macbeth whose ruthless ability allows her to take control of the situation. In any tragedy the atmosphere is bound to be very dark and frightful at times and Macbeth is no exception. The evil has been increasing rapidly with each passing scene and a welcome break in the play offers some amusing parts and allows the atmosphere to decrease lightly so everyone is not constantly tense and on the edge. After the short break from all the tension Duncans murdered body is then discovered and there is a frantic rush in the scene whilst everyone panics and are confused. Many people suspect Macbeth already for the murder. To make the murder seem like a totally unnatural occurrence of life there is a scene in which an Old Man talks to Ross. They discuss strange events that took place on the night of the murder and a part of Elizabethan superstition comes into play when the strange behaviour in the animal world is linked with the errible disaster in the human world. Tis unnatural, Even like the deed thats done. On Tuesday last, A falcon, towering in her pride of place, Was by a mousing owl hawkd at and killd. This is just one of the strange stories that make the murder of Duncan seem more unnatural and evil. Also, it was said that Duncans horses ate each other, which is a sickly thought to behold. After the murder of Duncan there is an air of suspicion surrounding Macbeth and he can sense that so he feels he must start abusing the power bestowed upon him by killing off anyone he feels is a threat to him. Macbeth seems to have lost control of all reasoning he may have once had and decides to try and kill off Banquo, at one time his best friend, and Banquos son, Fleance. This would end the prophecy the witches Banquo was told by the witches, as he would have no descendants who could be King if Macbeth killed him and his son. This plan of Macbeths shows how ruthless he can be and is no longer dependent on the leadership of his wife, who is sinking into a deeper depression and is going slowly going mental because she cant cope with what she has done. The play has a very dark feel to it now and there is no turning back or Macbeth. His character has changed into a power monger surrounded by his yes men and servants. He is desperate to know more about what the future holds for him and so he goes back to the witches. Macbeth demands they show him his future and he likes what he is told. The witches tell him that he has no need to fear any man woman born. This is a twisted truth though as we find out later when it is revealed Macduff was caesarean born. This meeting with the witches is a particularly dark scene with lots of other half-truths told to Macbeth by the witches. After this part of the play follows one of the most brutal acts Macbeth has ordered. This part may well be the darkest and most evil act in the play. After Ross has left Lady Macduff she is with her son. This is a warm family scene of tenderness between mother and son as she tries to explain about his father. Just then a messenger comes in to try and warn Lady Macduff that danger is approaching but the warning is t00 late as a murderer comes in and kills the child. This brutal act shows how far Macbeth is prepared to go and makes him appear to be a man to be taken seriously. This scene not only increase Macbeths image, it also increases the depths of dark and evil the lay has gone into and at this point the atmosphere is very heavy as the audience prepare for the final stages of the play. The final scene that contains any real parts of the past evil goings on is act 5 scene 1 in which we see Lady Macbeth being observed by a doctor and a gentlewoman. Lady Macbeth has been under a lot of stress and pressure and the deadly deeds she has been parts of finally caught up with her and have caused her to walk and talk in her sleep. She once declared that, A little water will clear us of this deed. When talking to Macbeth about the blood on him from Duncans murder. However, in her sleep she ays, All the perfumes of Arabia will not sweeten this little hand. She is reliving the murder of Duncan and cannot function properly. The evil spirits she once called upon to make her ruthless now seem to have abandoned her and she cannot cope with what has gone on in her life. Shortly after this the final battle is played out and Macbeth realises he cannot win once he finds out how Macduff was born, yet he refuses to give in and goes into the fight at least trying to keep what little dignity and respect he may have. Once Macbeth is killed it lifts all the tension out of the play and the restoration of ormal ways seems to be in place. The dark and evil days of Scotland are behind it and so are the days of reign by the tyrannous Macbeth. The life of a man who was once honourable is over and so dies with him the pain and suffering he has caused the people who were around him. Macbeth was a man corrupted by his greed and the drive of his wife, he knew before he murdered by Duncan he would fall afterwards yet he still allowed himself to continue what he didnt want to do because of Lady Macbeths convincing speeches that made him feel worthless and useless for being a good man. Rowan Womackhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00240199677306094938noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8365100704254091199.post-22336794290825411562020-03-19T21:58:00.001-07:002020-03-19T21:58:04.224-07:00Bald Eagle FactsBald Eagle Facts For centuries, the bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) was a spiritual symbol for the native people who lived in the United States. In 1782, it was nominated as the national emblem of the U.S., but it nearly became extinct during the 1970s due to illegal hunting and the effects of DDT poisoning. Recovery efforts and stronger federal protection helped ensure that this large raptor is no longer endangered and continues to make a strong comeback. Fast Facts: The Bald Eagle Scientific Name: Haliaeetus leucocephalusCommon Names: Bald Eagle, Eagle, American Bald EagleBasic Animal Group: BirdSize: 35ââ¬â42 inches longWingspan:à 5.9ââ¬â7.5 feetWeight: 6.6ââ¬â14à poundsLifespan: 20 years (in the wild)Diet: CarnivoreHabitat: large, open lakes and rivers in the United States and Canada, particularly inà Florida, Alaska andà the MidwestPopulation: 700,000Conservation Status:à Least Concern Description The bald eagles head may appear bald, but its actually covered in white feathers. Indeed, its name is actually derivedà from an older name and meaning of white-headed. The bald heads of mature bald eagles contrast sharply with their chocolate brown bodies. They have a very large, yellow, thick bill with an upperà mandibleà that is strongly hooked. The bird is generally 35 to 42 inches long with a wingspan that can grow to 7 feet or more. The head, neck, and tail of bald eagles are bright, plain white, but younger birds may show spotting. Their eyes, bill, legs, and feet are yellow, and their blackà talonsà are thick and powerful. Buck Shreck/Getty Images Habitat and Range The bald eagles range spans from Mexico to most of Canada and it includes all of the continental U.S. They can be found in all kinds of habitats, from the bayous of Louisiana to the deserts of California to the deciduous forests of New England. It is the only sea eagle that is endemic (native) to North America. Diet and Behavior Bald eagles eat fish- and anything and everything else- but fish make up the majority of their diet. The birds have also been known to eat other water birds such as grebes, herons, ducks, coots, geese, and egrets, as well as mammals such as rabbits, squirrels, raccoons, muskrats, and even deer fawns. Turtles, terrapins, snakes, and crabs as make for tasty bald eagle snacks as well. Bald eagles have also been known to steal prey from other predators (a practice known as kleptoparasitism), to scavenge carcasses of other animals, and to steal food from landfills or campsites.à In other words, if a bald eagle can grab it in its talons, it will eat it. Reproduction and Offspring Bald eagles mate from late September to early April, depending on the region. The female lays her first egg five to 10 days after mating and incubates the eggs for about 35 days. They produce one to three eggs, which is called the clutch size. When first hatched, bald eagle chicks are covered with fluffy white down but quickly grow larger and develop mature feathers. Juvenile birds have mottled brown and whiteà plumageà and do not get the distinctive white head and tail until they are 4 to 5 years old when they are sexually mature and able to mate. Marcia Straub/Getty Images Threats Bald eagles today are threatened by poaching and accidental or deliberate shootings, as well as other risks toà raptorsà including pollution, collisions with wind turbines or power lines, contamination of their food supplies and habitat loss.à Lead poisoningà from fishing lures and discarded bullet casings is also a grave threat to bald eagles and other large raptors. Conservation Status The International Union for Conservation of Nature lists the bald eagles conservation status as least concern and says its population is increasing. However, bald eagles were severely affected by pesticides, especially DDT, which was widely used after World War II. The once-touted pesticide poisoned bald eagles and caused their eggshells to become thin, resulting in many failed nesting attempts, according to the California Department of Fish and Wildlife. As a result of their dwindling numbers, the bald eagle was placed on the federal list of endangered species in 1967 and the California endangered species list in 1971. However, after the use of DDT was banned in the United States in 1972, strong efforts to restore these birds were successful and the bald eagle was removed from the endangered species list in 2007. Sources ââ¬Å"Bald Eagle Overview, All About Birds, Cornell Lab of Ornithology.â⬠à Overview, All About Birds, Cornell Lab of Ornithology.ââ¬Å"Bald Eagle.â⬠à National Geographic, 21 Sept. 2018.ââ¬Å"Bald Eagles in California. California Department of Fish and Wildlife.ââ¬Å"Basic Facts About Bald Eagles.â⬠à Defenders of Wildlife, 10 Jan. 2019.ââ¬Å"The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.â⬠à IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Rowan Womackhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00240199677306094938noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8365100704254091199.post-45962032166062357342020-03-03T13:45:00.001-08:002020-03-03T13:45:04.091-08:00Alexamara Marine Group Case database management - Smart Custom Writing SamplesAlexamara Marine Group Case database management - Smart Custom Writing Globalization and Information Technology on the Computer IndustryAbstract The benefits of the effects of globalization have been tremendous over the last thirty years. The emergence of new technologies has brought about efficiency in the research process, production and the distribution of goods and services. Globalization has reduced the cost of communication and interactions between businesses have been made possible. This paper will look into the effects of globalisation in relation to the motor vehicle industry in Japan.à Central to the focus of this paper are the changes that have taken place in the automobile industry in Japan and their underlying causes.à Focus will also be given to how information communication technology has contributed to the restructuring of automobile industry in Japan, and how the industry has over the years responded to globalisation to reach the current position of leadership in the auto industry, bringing immense benefits to society through innovation of quality and affordable automobiles. The paper will address the c hallenges faced in the process of realizing globalization and the possible solutions are recommended. Attention will also be give to the role of government and civil society organizations in the process of globalization. Introduction Globalization refers to is the reduction in the autonomy pf individual states due to the gradual increase in the global interdependence among states, individuals and social economic organizations. The advent of the era of information technology has gradually integrated the nations of the world into the global economy. The rise in globalization is attributable to the spread in the use of information technology networks. The current globalization is driven by knowledge and technology, unlike earlier ones which were based on ideology.à In reference to James (2002), the influence of information technology on globalization takes into account not only the numerous forms of information technology, but also the embodiment of globalization in several dimensions, the most outstanding of which concerns the volume of international trade as a percentage of world output and the extent to which that trade is a component of foreign direct investment, FDI (p.1).à The flow of capital to poorer n ations implies creation of employment and elevation of the standards of living. Before looking at the benefits that society has gained as a result of globalisation, it is imperative that the areas that globalisation has affected the most and the ways in which these effects are manifested be looked into. Kenney and Florida (2004) on the effects of globalisation, state that globalisation can be divided into four major dynamics which include: the globalisation of markets; the globalisation of production; the globalisation of ownership and the globalisation of products (p.55). The globalization of markets refers to access to market that are beyond a corporationââ¬â¢s country of origin, while globalization of production refers to the establishment of production units in other countries other that the country of origin. Globalization of ownership is the ownership of corporations by shareholders from various nations. This is made possible through mergers, acquisitions or takeovers. Globalization fosters the development and spread of technologies, especially information and telecommunication technologies that allow for the free flow of information all over the world. Apparently, globalisation is closely intertwined with international and migration resulting in the transformation of economic relations and structures among and within countries. This interconnection is promoted chiefly by the expansion, rapid spread and use of information technology. According to James (2002), information technology influences international trade and foreign direct investments by reducing the transactional costs, thus leading to the increase in the volume of international transactions, between independent buyers and seller as well as large multinational corporations (p.1). In reference to a World Bank report on globalisation (2009), closely linked globalisation to the spread of democracy and democratic institutions in the world (p.7).à This means that the most competitive shall win. The globalization of market opens doors for competition top set in. those companies that will have superior products can effectively compete with other companies beyond their national boundaries. According to Richard and Florida (2004), the Japanese automakers to penetration of the United States market in the 1960s and 1970s through exports, which coincided with the short-lived rise in gasoline prices, was a remarkable success compared with the low quality Fordââ¬â¢s Pinto and General Motors Vega (p.56). As a result of the new found market I n the United States, motor vehicle production in Japan rose from an insignificant 300, 000 units in 1960 to about eleven million units in 1982, which besides the strengthening Japanââ¬â¢s largely protected domestic market of about 5 million units and exports of about 6 million units, elevated Japan to dominate in world finished vehicle exports by a wide margin (p.57). Japan maintains the lead in the automobile industry due to heavy investme nt in research and development. The quest for global competitiveness will drive corporations to conduct research therefore coming up with superior technologies and innovations that can improve society.à Research Findings and Discussion The Japanese automobile industry became globally competitive due to focus on lean manufacturing and rapid development which producers to achieve high standards of quality with low defects and high output per worker.à à The success of Japanese motor vehicles purely rested on their competitive productive system and their attention to quality improvements that involve lower inventories, timely part deliveries, high performance work organization and continuous improvement programs for enhanced quality and productivity. The mass production of quality motor vehicles by Japanese automakers ensured that the society enjoys the availability and use of quality motor vehicles. The transformation of Japanese automobile industry led to the rise in employment opportunities as well as the product output and the subsequent reinforcement of Japanese national economy. Without globalisation, access to quality vehicles by American society could not have been possible. Competition by manufacturers gives the consumers opportunities to make the best choice of the goods that best meet their needs at a price that they can afford. According to Wagner (2002), globalization required that producers and employees globally were to increasingly compete on globally integrated markets (p.166). As noted earlier one of the ways in which globalization occurs is when multinational companies establish production units outside their countries of origin. Following the three year domestic sales slump that the Japanese automobile market experienced in the early 1990s, the industry had to come up with a new strategic response through restructuring and rationalization. This scenario presented a striking contrast, since the Japanese industry was known to be competitive and had posted a continued rise in profits from the 1980s. According to shimokawa (2010) the profits had fallen by half in most of the firms and others recorded even lower profits. Additionally, one of the factors that contributed to the shrinkage in Japanese exports and apparently a setback to globalization is the heightened trade friction with competitors. This was even compounded by the strengthening of the yen, which led to the deterioration in export earnings. The new strategy that the industry considered imperativ e was the internationalization of the automobile industry. Taking advantage of the timely diffusion of the use of advanced technology in the lean system of automobile production, Japanese automobile manufactures stayed ahead of the competition.à Information technology in Japan permeates other sectors that are supportive of the auto industry such as the financial sector which avails money for investment, as well as the steel industry which uses IT both for processing and for product innovation. According to OECD (1998), Japanese automobile manufacturing firms took measures to gradually replace simple automated devices with numerically controlled tools, industrial robots and flexible transfer machines (p.148). The adoption of this technology afforded the flexibility needed for cost effective production of small volumes while at the same time not compromising on quality. The concept of electronification is rapidly changing product technology. Product and development of new strategies coupled with the direction of research and development. Be sides some micro-electronics and IT-based innovation, these new technologies were also used outside Japan inà à the United States and Europe and other component firms. Different from the United States though, the diffusion of this technology was faster in Japan and was gradually upgraded as the demand for product variety arose.à The use of the lean and the integrated system in retailing is one of the best innovations. According to OECD (1998) the use of computer integrated production systems has made production engineering capable of assembling sub-assembled components from suppliers with minimum adjustment to robots (p.144). Being ââ¬Ëleanââ¬â¢, and having a microelectronics and IT-based system, the performance of the automotive industry changed radically, due to increased productivity,à lowered cost of production influenced by reduced labor requirements,à the improvement of the product quality and increased flexibility of automobile production. The Japanese competitive advantage also lay in their completely different system of producing and organizing automobile production, a system termed as lean production. The success of Japan was deemed as a second revolution, due to the fact that they replicated mass production which was introduced by Henry Ford. The kaizen principles, or the principles of constant improvement by employees at work, were deemed to be equally universal.à According top Hook and Hasegawa (2001), owing to the universalistic view that implied that any firm in the car industry could and should learn from the Japanese way in order to survive, drove the some German managers who were seeking to regain profitability to learn from the Japanese model (p.132). It has been noted that rationalization and restructuring efforts from early 1990s not only focused on introducing Japanese style management and organization practices, but it also became radical and far reaching and tended to monopolize restructuring discussions. Japanese organization model organizes the workforce into teams who are the subjected to intense training, and they have to change tasks as frequently as possible on the factory floor hence ensuring that they are flexible and versatile. The training and experience for multiple skills and greater in the labor force as OECD (1998) indicates, improves the motivation of the worker and tends to reduce absenteeism (p.149).à The difference in the approach to research and development between Japanese corporations and other firms is that worker suggestions are valued and workers contribute greatly to research and development. Hook and Hasegawa (2001) conclude Japanese economic success was vital in that it gave a decisive push for reform and served as an important instrument in the implementation of reforms in the German industry (p.136). The Japanese model of management was also adopted in other countries that Japan had out competed in the auto industry such as the United States and the United Kingdom. Many other emerging auto makers such as India, china, Russia, and other European and Asiatic countries are demonstrating the importance of successful globalization by adopting the Japanese production and management model. For Japan the 1970s were the height of the countryââ¬â¢s economic upturn, with the high rise in exports to the rest of the then American-dominated free world. It is during these years that Japan ceased to be a debtor nation, and the balance of payments favored Japan due to manufacture of cars and electronic equipment such as radios. Shokinawa (2010) elaborates that the globalization effort occurred twofold: firstly it involved the expansion of local production capacity in industrialized nations of North America and Europe and secondly the extension of local production initiatives and cooperative division of labor to serve the populous china and south East Asian markets (p.59). The number of locally produced cars could soon rise to overtake the rate of production in the firms at home. The establishment of a production unit in the largest of Japanââ¬â¢s overseas automotive market was meant to not only supplement exports, but also a strategic environment where strategically import ant model types needed in America could be produced .the establishment of local production units in the United states is beneficial in that a new deal to increase the procurement of United states-made parts by Japanese auto makers has been signed. In reference to Shimokawa (2010), the strategy of globalization in North America has taken three dimensions: firstlyà the localization of management at factory level, especially those that pertain to human resources development, training, evaluation and quality control activities, secondly the expansion of procurement to broadenà the relationship with local suppliers in order to increase the level of local content (p.60).à In addition, the localization of the research and development related activities, giving the hosting countryââ¬â¢s experts the opportunity to be involved in the design and development of the auto mobiles. The globalization of the Japanese automobile industry in this context has resulted in the creation of job opportunities in the United States, and apparently, many United States employees are assuming an increasingly central role in the areas of production at the Japanese transplant operations. The standard of living is also elevated by the availability of quality and affordable automobiles which can be used to create more value in other sector of the economy. The purpose of moving production to a new location is to tap the advantages of cheap labor. This is a strategy employed to enter into new markets and market segments, while taking advantage to reduce the cost of key success factors. The impact of internalization of Japanese automobile industry has not been without challenges. Shimokawa (2010), shows that while the United States automobile industry deteriorated markedly in the 1980s in response to the effects of the first and second oil shocks in of 1973 and 1979 respectively, the Japanese automobile industry production levels reached 100 million units per year and became a strong international competitor, and as a consequence, there was increased protectionism in the United states and Europe (p.8).à The promotion and assistance of private manufacturers by the Japanese ministry of international trade and industry,à (MITI), attracted criticism from American businessmen, especially those involved in the stagnant and bloated American automobile industry claiming that Japan was employing monopolistic and other unfair trading practices. The promotion of local industries b the Japanese government was through the liberalization of the financial markets so that investors in the auto industry could access loans or could raise capital through the capital markets. In addition, the Japanese government imposed restrictive tariffs on imported products that competed with what Japan produced. Of primary significance was the accusation that Japan was restricting its markets, making foreign imports too costly to compete with Japanese domestic products, the main discontent being about agricultural products. Japan had subjected imports to overly restrictive inspections, quarantines and tariffs that were discriminative of foreign firms. Shimokowa (2010) argues that Japan employed the strategy of subsidizing its products with a view toà à capturing the market share, and not to drive foreign manufacturers to bankruptcy as had been alleged (p.65). The prices of Japanese products abroad were cheaper than those of competing companies, the consequence of which was the accusation of Japan as having had intentions to destroy competition. Interestingly according to law (1991), the rise in demand in the United States and Europe for Japanese cars due to their high energy efficiency caused trade friction between the United Kingdom and France and Japanese companies. Subsequently, Britain asked Japanese companies to limit their share in the UK market to below 10 percent, while France requested them to maintain below 3 percent (p.104).à This move motivated Japan to establish car making units in these countries, since producing from within them will not attract criticism like when the cars are exported to these countries. In addition, despite the employees being union-free, Japanese transplants occasionally face the challenges of resolving disputes and handling complaints from local employees. The pre-dominant view point was that Japan achieved superior labor productivity as a result of lower wages despite the subsidized land cots. Shokinawa (2010) indicates that the corporation has embraced the challenge though, and conducts major annual surveys and three smaller surveys in order to find out the potential sources of dissatisfaction (p.63).Besides minimizing disputes in the corporation such initiatives will boost the morale and pride of the employees, hence will feel valued and appreciated by their employer. This approach can be used as a model in employee management in other corporations. International migration has also been a great challenge to globalization since illegal migrations erode the sovereignty of states.à According to Hook and Hasegawa (2001) with the rising globalization, there has been interplay among private market forces and Japanese societyââ¬â¢s tolerance or otherwise of immigration and the governments efforts to regulate immigration to accord with or resist the forces of globalization (p.12). The free movement of goods and services is imperative for the process of globalization to be smooth. Even of more critical necessity for globalization is the flow of labor across political boundaries. The movement of people from one nation to another will facilitate the transfer of technology and expertise thus the host community has a long term benefit of gaining technological know-how.à In addition, the local community will benefit from the corporate social responsibility initiatives that the companies will be engaged with. The companies have also established programs through which employees can record their complaints anonymously by phone with the company pledging to respond to them. The use of third party to listen to employeesââ¬â¢ complaints and implementation of the recommendations made, coupled with occasional roundtable meeting between employees and the management and the use of democratic avenues to involve employees in decision making activities in the company are helpful unbiased approaches in dispute resolution. At the same time, suggestion activities and quality controls have been used in other automobile firms, such as Honda. The quality control are incorporated into comprehensive efforts called voluntary improvement program, the objective of which is to find out how and why certain problems occur and to build strong foundations and disciplines that will act as models in solving problems of the same nature in future. Shokinawa (2010) iterates that companies also target to create a kind o f environment in which quality control becomes a natural and consistently used element of corporate culture (p.64). The negation of the lean production practices with a view to meeting the demands of the growing market through creation of new models and mass production of existing ones, worked against the industry evidenced by the sharp rise in fixed costs. This means that much investment was done on research and development. These advanced methods of dispute resolution in firms are the products of globalization and the quest for sustainable competitive advantage and developing a global brand name. In the process, the highest quality products are manufactured and the best customer care services are offered thus boosting the quality of life. The disadvantage with this though is that infant industries that may not have reached levels of competing favorably with multi nationals will be phased out of the market, or will be merger, acquired or taken over by multinational companies. In view of protecting infant industries, a country may be forced to enforce protectionism laws, scuttling the efforts to p romote globalization. Part of the challenges that auto makers face and have had to restructure in order to mitigate the growing adverse effect is global warming. Most affected are the developing countries that have experienced the adverse effects of droughts, famines, heat waves, rising sea levels and floods, all these attributable to global warming. According to Ijioui, Emmerich and Ceyp (2009), the fear of global warming in the year 2008 coupled with the drastic rise in raw material and oil prices triggered the response of the automobile industry (p.187).à The consumption of oil products began to change and preference shifted to more ecologically intelligent products. According to law (1991), the passing of the energy plan and bill rendering illegal the sale and manufacture of cars with energy efficiency under the stipulated standard, stimulated commercial demand for Japanese cars with high efficiency (p.104). Auto makers that seek sustainability in the global market have to comply with the green ene rgy requirements. Interestingly, due to the challenges of global warming in the recent years, the responsibility of automobile companies has expanded to include ways of controlling green house gas emissions. In reference to shimokawa (2010), the twenty- first century automobile industry faces challenges that go beyond the confines of automotive technology such as the prevention of global warming and commitment to zero emission as part of the collective effort on issues that pertain to global environment, eliminate wasted resources and environmental degradation through mass production, sales, disposal and the provision of safe transport system (p.4).à The emergence of these new challenges in the world and the commitment of the players in the automotive industry to curb their devastating effect on the global environment through corporate social responsibility are beneficial to society. Multinational companies in rich and developed nations take huge amounts of capital. Climate change conventions and the Kyoto protocol requires that companies in industrialized nations, which cannot cut the emission of green house gases, should establish clean energy projects in developing countries that a re suffering the devastating effects of climate change.à Government and civil society as well are responsible for mounting pressure on the companies that emit green house gases to take responsibility for their actions, failure to which punitive measures will be taken. Civil society in Japan has played a great role in highlighting the problems that crises in corporations can bring. Civil society can actively challenge crises that arise from corporate or government activities since it is independent of both the state and the market.à In reference to Schwartz and Pharr (2003), civil society in industrialized democratic nations, like Japan, are concerned with such issues as straight forward purchasing of goods and services in the market (p.13).à The civil society has always been involved in the political and social reinvigoration of Japan. The globalization of the automotive industry in Japan brought along with it relative weaknesses upon consumers and citizens. According to Bunker and cicantell (2007), the relative power of corporations over citizens and consumers as far as crises are concerned such as pollution are dictated by Japanââ¬â¢s political economy. This weakness of consumers and citizens resulted in high prices in domestic markets, formal and informal limitation on imports and the operation of cartels that restricted competition. They also protected inefficient firms and state agencies at the cost of the consumers. The existence of some sort of civil society groups acted to oppose unfair trade and to lobby for the promotion of fair trade both locally and globally. The work of civil society is to ensure that corporations are following the laid down business procedures and that they carry out their business in a manner that is ethical. Conclusion In summation, globalization is a means through which the world can realize high standards of production. As companies grow to the level of competing globally, focus on research and development is imperative if the products are to be competitive. Having looked at the case of Japanese automobile industry, it is evident that internal control and effective management and not the availability of low cost employees are what counts in the realization of efficiency and competitiveness. It is noteworthy that globalization presents a platform for leading and competitive firms to set standards that other firm in the same industry can emulate, thus raising not only the quality of the goods produced, but also the standard of living of the consumers. This is made possible since globalization breaks international boundaries and allows customers to access goods and services of their own choice. Globalization makes easier the process of technology transfer. Information technology is an agent of efficiency in almost every industry as its use results in the cutting of transactional costs. Use of robots in car making for example saves on manpower expenses and promotes efficiency as well. That a global company must be competitive means that the employees it absorbs must globally competitive. This means that globalization promotes the transfer of expertise through cross border establishment of production units. Exceptions though exist, in circumstances when a company may pay very low wages.à Although the setback of diminishing domestic industries exists, the flow of FDIs from rich nations to developing nations means that jobs are created for the citizens of the host country, thus elevating their standards of living. The removal of international trade barriers implies a wider market and hence a larger volume of trade for competitive companies. Therefore, the bottlenecks such as sour labor relations, industry protectionism, and unfair competition through limiting access to markets, hoarding of technology for the purposes of exploitation and limited access to some market due to limited technology should addressed. Policies and laws should be put in place to ensure that access to the benefits of globalization is a reality for, if possible, all nations. Civil society, which acts as an unbiased party in trade and government should be involved in making laws that will govern globalization. The presence of civil society in the context of globalization will help lobbying for the removal of oppressive labor laws, besides generally acting to ensure that fairness is observed.à For highly globalized companies, the creation of products and international operations should take place in autonomous organizational units, with specific market, legislative and technical know-how. The combined effect of a strong corporate culture, values, and eagerness to learn new things and flexibility are the preconditions for a globally competitive organization in the future. References Bunker, S. Ciccantell, P. (2007). East Asia and the global economy: Japan's ascent, with implications for China's future. Baltimore: JHU Press. Hook, G. Hasegawa, H. (2001). The political economy of Japanese globalization. London: Routledge. Ijioui, et al. (2009).Globalization 2.0: A Roadmap to the Future from Leading Minds. Heidelberg: Springer. Kenney, M Florida, R. (2004). Locating global advantage: industry dynamics in the international economy.à Stanford CA:à Stanford University Press.James, W. (2007). Driving from Japan: Japanese Cars in America. Jefferson, NC:à McFarland. Law, C. (1991). Restructuring the global automobile industry: national and regional impacts. London: Routledge. OECD. (1998). Science, Technology and Industry Outlook. OECD Publishing. Schwartz, F. Pharr, S. (2003). The state of civil society in Japan. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Shimokawa, K. (2010). Japan and the Global Automotive Industry. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. Wagner, H. (2000). Globalization and unemployment. Heidelberg:à Springer. Rowan Womackhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00240199677306094938noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8365100704254091199.post-91024221303438657432020-02-16T05:11:00.001-08:002020-02-16T05:11:02.258-08:00Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner Research PaperPsychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner - Research Paper Example Additionally, they also consult with the various stakeholders such as legislators, communities, corporation and groups involved in mental health. One major requirement that these nurses should have is that they have to attain a masterââ¬â¢s degree or one in doctoral in psychiatric mental health in order for them to qualify to be registered nurses in this field. Most of them operate private owned practices that allow them to provide primary care services to populations affected by psychiatric mental health. Based on this over view, this research paper will evaluate all the requirements that Psychiatric ââ¬âMental Health Nurse Practitioner Advanced Practice Registered Nurses in the US specifically looking at the ones applied in the state of Florida. Before an individual qualifies to be a Psychiatric-mental Health Nurse Practitioner, it is a requirement for them to attain a Bachelor of Science degree in Nursing and a Nurse Practitioner degree that might take at least to four additional training years. Further, these individuals also have to obtain Masterââ¬â¢s of Science in Nursing or obtain a Doctor of Nursing Practice, which is usually an advanced program in nursing education where one has to practice for at least six hundred clinical working hours. In 2015, the DNP degree became the minimum degree requirement for those seeking to be enrolled for a degree in advanced practice registered nurses. b) The applicant is then authorized by the Board to practice under the supervision of a professional and registered nurses as a graduate or graduate practical nurse. The Board might require irregular reports from the supervisors and employers of the graduate nurse or graduate practical nurse to ascertain whether the individual has been in violation of Section 464.018(1) F.S. d) Further, any applicant that does not physically appear to sit for the licensing examination shall also not be Rowan Womackhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00240199677306094938noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8365100704254091199.post-12826998437160686382020-02-02T16:55:00.001-08:002020-02-02T16:55:03.272-08:00CRJS405DB2 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 wordsCRJS405DB2 - Research Paper Example Participant observation requires the researcher to mingle with the audience so that he can observe from the inside what happens in the community, for example. On the other hand, non- participant observation requires the researcher to be a bit far from the community to observe them in a distance where the audience may not have an idea that they are being watched. Interviews are another method of collecting data mainly involves an interviewer and an interviewee. Interviews require the researcher meeting the audience or the respondent face to face at an agreed place and time so that he can conduct the interview between him (researcher) and the respondent. Questions are prepared prior to the meeting and a copy sent to the interviewee so that he can prepare well and soon enough how to answer in the questions directed to him during the session. This is another appropriate method of collecting data and it involves the researcher having to prepare a document or a list of questions which he is supposed to distribute to his respondents so that they can give their feedback in writing on the questionnaires or in answering the questions asked in those questionnaires. Questionnaires can either be open or closed. In open questionnaires, the respondent has the freedom to note down his expressions on the document provided whereas in the closed questionnaires, the respondent is restricted only to the answers provided in the questionnaires and only has the freedom to choose either one of them. One of the challenges in collecting quantitative data is that the researcher can record wrong numbers during the documentation of his research. For example, instead of recording thirty respondents, he may make a mistake and record ten respondents. The other challenge that researchers may encounter in collecting quantitative data is limited resources. Some quantitative data requires robust and expensive equipment so as to analyze the data appropriately and lack of enough resources Rowan Womackhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00240199677306094938noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8365100704254091199.post-16667129500276661542020-01-25T13:19:00.001-08:002020-01-25T13:19:06.399-08:00Essential Trace Metals in SeaweedEssential Trace Metals in Seaweed 0 Introduction Seaweeds are marine macro-algae that are one of the living renewable resources of the marine environment and well known for its potential food and therapeutic applications (Tseng, 2004). According to Awang et al. (2008), Sabah and Sarawak have a great potential for the cultivation of seaweed. The seaweeds found in Sabah such as Kappaphycus alvarezii, Ulva reticulate, Gracilaria changgi, Caulerpa lentillifera and Sargassum polycystum species. Seaweeds are one of the best sources of essential trace metals. Essential trace metals are metals needed by human body in little quantity. These metals can be determined by using atomic spectroscopy techniques. Consumption of seaweeds can increase the amount of dietary fiber and lower the development of some chronic illnesses (Southgate, 1990). The followings are some essential trace metals found in seaweeds and their benefits to human (Alexander, 2014): However, some researchers reported that some seaweed are contaminated and contained high amount of essential trace metals more than the amount needed to human body. These are due to the area and conditions of seawater. According to Noda (1993) the chemical composition of seaweed may vary due to the species, geographic area, seasons of the year and temperature of water. This study focused on the essential trace metals found in different type of seaweeds. The results of the concentration of the essential trace metals are compared to dietary reference intakes (DRI). This study is significant to show the role of essential trace metals and enhance the awareness on the importance of essential trace metals to human health. Problem Statement Seaweeds can be classified into three main groups which are Phaeophycae, Rhodophyceae and Chlorophyceae. The compositions of essential trace metals in these groups are differed. Some groups contain high amount of certain essential trace metals and vice versa. These essential trace metals are important for maintaining health. These metals take part in enzymes, hormones and cells in the human body. Inadequate intake of essential trace metals can cause symptoms of nutritional deficiency. There are many researches that have been done on seaweeds. Most of them discussed more on the composition of macronutrients in seaweeds. Therefore, this research focused on essential trace metals. There is necessity to know the composition of essential trace metals in these seaweeds because they supply nutrition and give benefit to humanââ¬â¢s health. 3.0 Objectives of study To determine the concentration of essential trace metals like vanadium, zinc, iron, copper, manganese, chromium and molybdenum in seaweed by using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). To compare the concentration of essential trace metals found in seaweed with the dietary reference intakes (DRI). To compare the concentration of essential trace metals in different types of seaweeds and determine which seaweed has the highest value of essential trace metals. 4.0 Literature Review 4.1 Introduction Many researches have been made to determine the composition of seaweeds. In the previous researches, they discussed more on the composition of macronutrients in seaweeds and lack of micronutrients. This research focused on essential trace metals found in seaweeds. This research is significant as these metals provide and supply nutrition values to human. This research is carried out in order to determine the concentration of essential trace metals like vanadium, zinc, iron, copper, manganese, chromium and molybdenum in seaweed, compare the concentration of essential trace metals found in seaweed with the dietary reference intakes (DRI), compare the concentration of essential trace metals in different types of seaweeds and determine which seaweed has the highest value of essential trace metals. 4.2 Definition of essential trace metals Essential trace metals are metals that are required for human body in small amounts generally less than 100 milligrams per day (Cesar, 2005; Araya et al., 2006). These trace elements are minerals which human body cannot produce by itself but can be found in diet. Essential trace metals include vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, copper, zinc and molybdenum (Gadd, 1992). Figure 1 shows the position of essential trace metals in the periodic table. These metals are transition metals and majority of them are located in period 4, showing the relationship between the size of nuclei and the availability of electron of the element to interact with organic molecules present in biological systems (Cesar, 2005). Each essential trace metal has their own specific functions depend on their chemical structures and is important for life. Although these metals are needed for only 0.02% of the total body weight, they are vital as trace bioactive substances and active centers of enzymes (Osamu, 2004). A man required essential trace metals about 50 micrograms to 18 milligrams per day and these metals function as catalytic or structural components of larger molecules (Mertz, 1981). Essential trace metals do not exist by themselves but exist with each other. Excess of one trace metal can cause imbalances in other elements and lead to diseases. To be well-absorbed in the intestine, most trace metals need to be in ionic form. Diet, concentrations of trace element in water, interactions of drug-nutrient are crucial to stabilize the concentration of essential trace elements in the body (Alexander, 2014). Figure 1: Periodic Table with white background indicating elements essential for human and bold characters representing the essential trace metals and non-metals (Cesar, 2005). 4.3 Recommended daily intake of essential trace metals A certain daily intake of food supplements is needed by humans. The essential trace metals are important as enzymes, hormones and cells in the body. Inadequate intake and excessive consumption of essential trace metals can cause symptoms to human body. Table 2 summarizes recommended daily intakes of essential trace metals and its effects of excessive consumption. Table 2: Recommended dietary allowances of essential trace metals (Dietary Reference Intakes, 2001). 4.4 Classification of seaweed Seaweeds can be classified into three main groups based on their brown, red and green pigmentations. The groups of seaweed are Phaeophycae, Rhodophyceae and Chlorophyceae respectively. Sargassum polycystum species is in Phaeophycae group whereas Kappaphycus alvarezii and Gracilaria changgi species are in Rhodophyceae group and Ulva reticulate and Caulerpa lentillifera species are in Chlorophyceae group (Awang et al., 2014). The sizes of seaweeds are different according to their group. Brown seaweeds are often large. They are usually having length about 20 meters long and the thickness is about 2 to 4 meters, whereby the smaller species is about 30 to 60 centimeters. Red seaweeds are usually smaller in size, generally ranging from a few centimeters to about one meter in length. The colors of red seaweeds are not always red. They might be purple, brownish red, but botanists classified them as Rhodophyceae because of other factors. Green seaweeds are small, with a similar size to the red seaweeds (Fisheries and Aquaculture Department, 29 October 2014). 4.5 The study of essential trace metal in different type of seaweeds Seaweeds rich in about 8% to 40% of essential trace metals required for human body (Indegaard Ostgaard, 1991). Some reports said that the metal contents in seaweeds were higher than edible land plants (Ortega et al., 1993). Concentration of essential trace metals may differed with each other because of several factors includes genetic species, sea conditions, seasons, habitats, maturity, geographical locations and environmental parameters of the seaweed (Ito Hori 1989; Fleurence, 1999; Krishnaiah et al., 2008). According to past researches, the commonly essential trace metals found in seaweeds were copper, cobalt, iron, manganese and zinc. Copper plays an important role in metabolism by allowing enzymes to function properly (Harris, 2001). Copper is vital for maintaining the strength of the skin, blood vessel, epithelial and connective tissue throughout the body. Cobalt is essential for the production of vitamin B12 that is necessary to ensure an adequate number of red blood cells are produced in the body (MedlinePlus 2014, 23 October 2014). Zinc is important for growth, cell division, immune system, vision and also helps to accelerate the renewal of the skin cells (Vallee Falchuk, 1993). Iron is essential as oxygen and electron transport forhemoglobin synthesis of erythrocytes, oxidationââ¬âreduction reactions, and cellular proliferation (Yutaka et al., 2008). Manganese is important for the formation of bones, connective tissues, brain and nerve functions (Barbara, 2013). 4.5.1 Kappaphycus alvarezii species The trace amount of manganese, iron, zinc, cobalt, chromium and copper were determined in this species that was collected from Palk Bay Mandapam, Tamilnadu in South India region. The concentrations of these metals were 10.6 ppm, 438.7 ppm, 25.5 ppm, 3.9 ppm, 52 ppm and 31.9 ppm respectively (Nageswara, 2013). Another sample was taken from Semporna in Sabah, showed that zinc, iron and copper were present in this species. The concentrations of these three metals were below 3.5 g/100g (Mansoor et al., 2012). From the study, it can be concludes that sea conditions and environments affect the concentration of essential metals in seaweed. In other research, to determine the composition of seaweed by using different types of seedling production, the micropropagated Kappaphycus alvarezii yielded significantly higher concentration of cobalt, copper, manganese and zinc compared to farm-propagated Kappaphycus alvarezii (Suhaimi et al., 2014). Fayaz et al., (2005) stated that Kappaphycus alvarez ii species is a good source of essential metals, containing 0.033% of iron and 0.016% of zinc. The molybdenum is also present in Kappaphycus alvarezii about 0.04 milligrams (Suresh, 2014) and about 1.56 ppm of cobalt found in this species (Rajasulochana et al., 2012). 4.5.2 Ulva reticulate species Ulva reticulata species from Pattani was reported to contain high level in manganese and iron and also small amount of zinc and copper. The concentration of manganese, iron, zinc and copper are 48.1 mg/100g, 174.8 mg/100g, 3.3 mg/100g and 600 à ¼g/100g respectively (Pattama Anong, 2006). Awang et al. (2008) reported the range amount of iron is 6.5 mg to 11 mg per 100g, 2 mg to 7 mg per 100g of zinc, less than 0.55 mg/100g of copper and less than 3 mg/100g of chromium present in this species. 4.5.3 Gracilaria changgi species Gracilaria changgi species was reported to contain high level of zinc, iron, and copper with the concentration of 13.8 mg/100g, 95.6 mg/100g and 0.8 mg/100g respectively (Norziah Chio, 2000). The result showed that this species has high amount of iron when compared to other vegetables reported by Tee et al. (1988). The comparison of iron content in Gracilaria changgi species and other vegetables are shown in table 3. Table 3: Concentration of elements (mg/100 g wet weight) present in G. Changgi (Norziah Chio, 2000) and in some vegetables (Tee et al.,1988). From the study, it shows that seaweed is the best source of iron compared to other land vegetables due to its metabolic system which it can absorb elements directly from the seawater. 4.5.4 Caulerpa lentillifera species Iron, zinc and copper were present in Caulerpa lentillifera species which is taken from Semporna in Sabah with the concentration of 21.37 mg/100g, 3.51 mg/100g and 0.11 mg/100g respectively (Suhaila et al., 2009). Duduku et al. (2008) determined the amount of 6.45 mg/100g of iron, 3.53 mg/100g of zinc, and less than 1mg/100g of copper and chromium found in this species. The sample was also taken from Sabah. The study about the composition in Caulerpa lentillifera species showed that iron, manganese, copper and zinc were present with concentration of 9.3 mg/100g, 7.9 mg/100g, 2200 à ¼g/100g and 2.6 mg/100g respectively (Pattama Anong, 2006). 4.5.5 Sargassum polycystum species A research has been made that used sample of Sargassum polycystum species from Seribu Island in Jakarta showed the concentration of 0.002 mg/g of copper, 0.004 mg/g of zinc, 0.277 of iron and 0.010 of chromium were present (Joko, 2006). In other research that used sample from Kota Kinabalu, the present of iron, zinc and copper were also reported in small amounts with the concentration of 68.2 mg/100g, 2.15 mg/100 g, and 0.03 mg/100g respectively whereas other essential trace metals were not determined (Suhaila et al., 2009). 4.6 Methods used to analyze the essential trace metals in seaweed Atomic spectroscopy techniques viz., flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS), graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy (GFAAS), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) are widely used to analyze trace element. Nageswara (2013) used FAAS method to determine the trace element in seaweed, the instrument was calibrated with standard solutions and a hollow cathode lamp was used for detection of lead, cadmium, copper, nickel, iron, cobalt, chromium, manganese, zinc, platinum and palladium. In other research, Awang et al. (2008) used GFAAS method whereas Rodenas et al. (2009) used ICP-MS method and Suhaimi et al. (2014) and Suresh et al. (2014) used ICP-OES method. This research uses ICP-MS method. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer is suitable for the determination of trace metals with pretreatment and laser ablation device. This method has high sample throughput and the sensitivity is extremely high. It has lower detection limits and the ionization is efficient. In order to get the concentration of essential trace metals in seaweed, the elements are placed in solution by acid digestion. This solution is then nebulized into spray chamber and then carried by argon gas into a torch. ICP is argon plasma and can reach temperatures of 10,000 Kelvin. This allows the atomization of the trace metals in seaweed to complete and reduced the interferences of potential chemical (PerkinElmer, 23 October 2014). The positive ions in the plasma are focused down a quadrupole mass spectrometer. This quadrupole mass spectrometer rapidly detects the mass range. By getting the mass spectrum of the plasma, information about the trace metals can be obtained . Rowan Womackhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00240199677306094938noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8365100704254091199.post-41057226861820741482020-01-17T09:43:00.001-08:002020-01-17T09:43:04.080-08:00Historical Overview of Montessori MethodALPNA KUMAR Section 1, Part 1, Lesson 1 August 8, 2012 Lesson 1: Historical Overview of Montessori Method Write a chronological overview (time line) of Maria Montessoriââ¬â¢s life and work. Indicate the life events you feel were most significant in her development of the Montessori Method of education. Describe how Montessori developed her approach. Include the factors occurring at that time in the world that contributed to the methodââ¬â¢s popular acceptance.Education being a necessary part of our lives, there has been several ways to teach a child and thus creating a teacher dominant learning. But, it was about a century ago when a revolutionary thought ââ¬Å"teacher withinâ⬠came to existence. It was the one woman who changed the world with her new innovative method of teaching and would break the stereotype in teaching method. This was Maria Montessori who developed Montessori Method of teaching with a firm belief in the motto ââ¬Å"Within the child lies the fate of futureâ⬠.Montessori Method focuses on the idea that children learn best when they are placed in an environment full of learning activities and given the freedom to work on their own. Montessori model believed that children at liberty to choose and act freely within an environment prepared accordingly would act spontaneously for optimal development. Montessori education is characterized by an emphasis on independence, freedom within limits, and respect for a childââ¬â¢s naturalà psychologicalà development, as well as technological advancements in society.Although a range of practices exists under the name ââ¬Å"Montessoriâ⬠, the Association Montessori Internationale (AMI) and the American Montessori Society (AMS) cite these elements as essential [1, 2]: Mixed age classrooms, with classrooms for children aged 3 to 6 years old by far the most common, student choice of activity from within a prescribed range of options, aà ââ¬Å"constructivismâ⬠à or ââ¬Å"di scoveryâ⬠model, where students learn concepts from working with materials, rather than by direct instruction and specialized educational materials developed by Montessori and her collaborators.To understand Montessori Method it would be necessary to know how it came to existence and what the underlying principles behind this method are. Maria Tecla Artemesia Montessori was born on August 31, 1870, in Chiaravalle, Italy. Her father, Alessandro Montessori, 33 years old at the time, was an official of the Ministry of Finance working in the local state-run tobacco factory. Her mother, Renilde Stoppani, 25 years old, was well educated for the times and was probably related to Italian geologist and paleontologistà Antonio Stoppani.Her father did not believe that women should receive higher education. However, her mother, fully supported Maria in all her endeavors. Montessori's was educated as a doctor, but went on to start her own preschool. She believed children should not be tre ated as receptors of knowledge from the teacher, but instead should be leaders of their own learning. Her philosophy has been embraced in schools around the world [3]. Maria Montessori was always a little ahead of her time. At age thirteen, against the wishes of her father but with the support of her mother, she began to attend a boys' technical school.At that time schools had very few teaching supplies, like books and writing supplies. Children had to learn everything by memorization. Girls were taught skills like sewing or knitting, while only boys were encouraged to study math, science, and other technical subjects. Maria fought for her right to study math and science. She was supported whole-heartedly by her mother to continue studying these subjects, and her father grudgingly permitted her to do so. Maria originally intended to become an engineer, but her interests soon shifted to the field of medicine.Her desire to become a doctor was unprecedented for a woman in Italy at the time. Maria was allowed to attend medical school only after the intervention of the Pope. Because her attendance of classes with men in the presence of a naked body was deemed inappropriate, she was required to perform her dissections of cadavers alone. In addition to the isolation, she found she had another problem. She was repelled by the smell of the anatomy hall. When this became too complicated she tried smoking herself. Due to all these challenges, her interests turned to pediatrics and psychiatry.This would be the beginning of her lifelong work with children [4]. After graduating from the University of Rome in 1896, Montessori continued with her research at the University's psychiatric clinic, and in 1897 she was accepted as a voluntary assistant there. Maria opened her own medical clinic to treat children. In 1897, she became an assistant doctor at the psychiatric clinic of the University of Rome. She began visiting asylums for mentally challenged and handicapped children. M aria observed that the living conditions for these children were miserable.The patients were kept like prisoners in dark, bare rooms with nothing to stimulate them. She observed that it was not the medical problem but rather pedagogical one. It was this time when she came across the work of two French doctors Edward Seguin and Jean Itardââ¬â¢s experiments to educate defective children. Maria observed these children picking up crumbs off of the floor and playing with them. She realized that the children were using the crumbs as toys. Maria realized that these children needed a special school that would meet their needs.While working at the asylum, Maria was introduced to the methods and materials developed by Jean Itard and Edward Seguin, who had trained defective children years before. Later she would use a similar approach to work with normal children. Keeping a busy schedule, Maria had little outside social life. She became close friends with her colleague, Giuseppe Montesano w ith whom she had an illegitimate child. They never married, and in 1898 she gave birth to her son Mario. Fearing that news of her child would ruin her reputation and career, she felt forced to send him to the countryside and could not visit him very often.Deprived of being with her son, her desire to work with children increased. She designed new teaching materials like shapes to hold, laces to tie, beads to thread, and letters to feel. She believed that they learned better through their five senses first. Maria noticed that the children were interested in the letters, which they thought of as new toys. These children began to write letters with chalk on a board. She began to wonder if the teaching methods she used would work with typically developing kids [5]. In 1907 Maria started her own school, Casa dei Bambini, in the slums of the San Lorenzo district of Rome.A few bankers who were building cheap housing for the poor and homeless granted her a single room where she had to teach 50 impoverished children from the slums. Maria was asked to keep an eye on these children while their parents were. Maria kept observing and experimenting with these kids. She brought in light, child-sized furniture and tools for these children and taught them grace and hygiene. She had low open shelves and cabinets made for this classroom so that the children could choose and reach materials by themselves.Children were even given responsibilities like preparing and serving their own snacks and tidying up the classroom. Maria prided herself on the independence of her students. She wrote, ââ¬Å"The greatest sign of success for a teacher is to be able to say, ââ¬ËThe children are now working as if I did not exist. ââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬ Using the three-dimensional letters, the 4 and 5-year-old children from the slums were teaching themselves how to read and write. This was considered a miracle, because until that time, children were never taught to read or write before the age of six.Ma ny people began to flock to the Casa dei Bambini to witness the ââ¬Å"miracleâ⬠. They could not believe that children from the slums had such grace and good manners, and were reading and writing at such an early age. These underprivileged children showed that they had the potential to become respectable citizens of Italy instead of thieves and criminals. Many people saw the children working and learning in harmony and realized that the Montessori Method of education had the ability to cure the social ills of society.Due to the success and popularity of the Montessori Method in Europe, other countries like China, Australia, Canada, Switzerland, and the United States by 1911 applied the Montessori Method eagerly to their educational systems. Montessoriââ¬â¢s books were translated into 23 languages to meet the overwhelming international demand for her teaching method. Unfortunately, Maria Montessori was forced to leave Italy because she refused to support the Fascist regime of Mussolini. Upon the invitation of Mahatma Gandhi, Montessori travelled to India with her son in 1939 to train teachers.She stayed there for seven years. For her lifetime of commitment to the education of children, Maria was nominated for the Noble peace Prize in 1949, 1950 and 1951. After dedicating her life to the education of children, Maria Montessori died in Holland in 1952. Maria Montessori passed away over 50 years ago, but her legacy lives on to this day. Montessoriââ¬â¢s revolutionary ideas about children and their instinctive desire to learn have transcended time. Montessori schools operate worldwide now, and even schools that do not label themselves ââ¬Å"Montessoriâ⬠are using some of her methods to teach children.If her methods are used correctly, every child can reach their potential to the fullest. As Montessori herself once said, ââ¬Å"Free the childââ¬â¢s potential, and you will transform him into the worldâ⬠. Bibliographyâ⬠¦.. [1]â⬠AMI Sc hool Standardsâ⬠. Association Montessori Internationale-USA (AMI-USA). [2]â⬠Introduction to Montessoriâ⬠. American Montessori Society (AMS). [3]http://www. biography. com/people/maria-montessori-9412528. [4]Kramer, R. ââ¬â Maria Montessori: A Biography ââ¬â New York: Putnam, 1976. [5]Barbara O'Connor, Sara Campitelli ââ¬â Mammolina: A Story about Maria Montessori ââ¬â Carolrhoda Books, 1993. Rowan Womackhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00240199677306094938noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8365100704254091199.post-57240984109505467162020-01-09T06:06:00.001-08:002020-01-09T06:06:04.315-08:00The Movements of the 20th Century Culture Essay - 1170 Words How many of us can recall the most important events that occurred in the 20th century? A century that was full of many innovations; most importantly, these events made a tremendous impact in our lives as of today. The 20th century contributed an abundance of improvements to our culture. In addition, the progressions of the advancement helped society lives to better, such as the industrialization, the remarkable inventions that made our lives easier. Nevertheless, the 20th century presented a copious amount of remarkable artists that introduced us to many arts that were modernism and postmodernism; such as Pablo Picasso his work of art were considered a modern art, and Marcel Duchamp involved in Dadaism; In addition, the Cultural revolutionâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Most of Duchamp art work was based on cubism, Dadaism and surrealism. Cubism was invented by Pablo Picasso and George Braque but Duchamp portrayed vitality into his cubism. However, one of his favorite artistic works i s the ââ¬Å"Nude Descending a staircaseâ⬠Duchamp presented it to the salon; therefore it was rejected because they felt that he was making fun of cubist art. Duchamp interpretation of the Nude Descending staircase is the swift nudes were ââ¬Å"flight of imaginationâ⬠. (www.understandingduchamp.com). Dadaism is a cultural movement; it was founded in Zurich, Switzerland in February of 1916 by a group name Cabaret Voltaire (Sayre 1355). In addition, the Dada artist goals were to ââ¬Å"challenge nature of artâ⬠. (Lectured 5/25/10) an example of dada was ââ¬Å"Marcel Duchamp took a reproduction of da Vincis painting, and drew a moustache and goatee on her face.â⬠Also, Marcel Duchamp created his ââ¬Å"ready-madeâ⬠art, name the Fountain, an upside urinal. The urinal was bought from a plumbing store in New York and he presented it to the salon has his art; he signed a fictitious name to prevent from revealing his identity. http://www.npr.org/templates/story/ story.php?storyId=5191892. Furthermore, in the late 20th century culture it involved movement of decolonizationââ¬â¢s, many countries gained independence from their European colonizer. On the contrary, the Americans endure many changes during the cultural revolutions. Some of these revolutions wereShow MoreRelatedMy Point Of View 20th Century1110 Words à |à 5 PagesA. 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Feminism, since the 1970s, has become a subjective and distorted version of what it was meant to beââ¬âa system that sought to raise the rights of women out of the home (as domestic servants) and into the workplace. In the late 20th and early 21st century, the idea of Marxism as a system of economic analysis for women to dissect the inequalities of patriarchal capitalism has also become diluted and co- opted by the ruling classes as a ââ¬Å"political phenomenon:â⬠In this sense, then, rather thanRead MoreChinas Fast Entry into the Fashion World after the 20th Century1825 Words à |à 7 PagesChinaââ¬â¢s fast entry into Fashion World after the 20th Century The dawn of the 20th century brought in many challenges in China such as cultural, political, economic, and social. The social changes increased its push after the 1911 revolution which caused in the passing of the Qing Empire. Social improvement led to amendment in dress codes as well. The head shaving and queue (long plait) men had been compulsory to wear, to validate their subservience, gradually vanished. The practice of foot compulsory Rowan Womackhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00240199677306094938noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8365100704254091199.post-46293949943766775092020-01-01T02:32:00.001-08:002020-01-01T02:32:04.568-08:00Platos Cave And The Cave - 1622 Words Platoââ¬â¢s Cave We first learn about Platoââ¬â¢s cave in book seven of the Republic. In his book, Plato describes a conversation he has with Socrates. He tells Socrates the story of some men who had lived their entire lives in a cave. These men knew nothing beyond what they could see on the cave wall. One day, a man is freed. At first he rejected his new found knowledge of the world but, once he accepted what he learned outside of the cave, he could never go back to his sheltered existence. The cave is an allegory, a story that has a hidden meaning. Plato is attempting to describe the difference between conventional opinion and getting educated. Plato says ââ¬Å"compare the effect of education and of the lack of itâ⬠(Plato 175). Platoââ¬â¢s begins telling the story of the men in the cave like this: ââ¬Å"They have been there since childhood, fixed in the same place, with their necks and legs fettered, able to see only in front of them, because their bonds prevent them from turning their heads aroundâ⬠(Plato 175). Behind the men is a burning fire. Separating the men from the fire is what can been described as a screen. The screen is in place so that puppeteers can project shadows on the wall in front of the chained men. Because the men have their necks and legs shackled, they are unable to turn their heads or get up and see whatââ¬â¢s going on behind them. What the men have learned about reality is solely derived from the shadow puppets. Other than conversation amongst themselves, this is all theyShow MoreRelatedPlatos Allegory of the Cave1521 Words à |à 7 PagesPlatoââ¬â¢s Allegory of the Cave Essay One of Platoââ¬â¢s more famous writings, The Allegory of the Cave, Plato outlines the story of a man who breaks free of his constraints and comes to learn of new ideas and levels of thought that exist outside of the human level of thinking. However, after having learned so many new concepts, he returns to his fellow beings and attempts to reveal his findings but is rejected and threatened with death. This dialogue is an apparent reference to his teacherââ¬â¢s theoriesRead MorePlatos Allegory of The Cave752 Words à |à 3 Pagesinterpreting Platoââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"Allegory of the Caveââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬â¢ in which is a representation that described a narrative of the society of people in before Christ years. I realized how there was a major comparison of people in todayââ¬â¢s society that reflected the same prisoner traits as the prisoners that were described in the dialogue. According to the Platoââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"Allegory of the Cave.â⬠It described conditions of people chain ed at birth unable to function as independent individuals that were locked in a protracted dark cave. TheyRead MoreEssay on Platos Cave1124 Words à |à 5 Pages The basic premise of Platos allegory of the cave is to depict the nature of the human being, where true reality is hidden, false images and information are perceived as reality. In the allegory Plato tells a story aboutà a manà put on a Gnostics path. Prisoners seating in a cave with their legs and necks chained down since childhood, in such way that they cannot move or see each other, only look into the shadows on the wall in front of them; not realizing they have three-dimensional bodiesRead MoreShutter Island : A Life In The Cave : Platos Allegory Of The Cave1677 Words à |à 7 PagesHayley Vlaz-Troutman Professor Mileo Philosophy 243 17 Septemeber 2017 Shutter Island: A life in the cave Platoââ¬â¢s Allegory of the Cave dates back many years. However, it is relevant today in many ways. This view can be observed and experienced in our society, in our personal ways of thinking and being, and in many cinematic adventures one can enjoy. I chose to look at it in terms of personal application to find its relevancy andRead MoreExplain Platos Allegory Of The Cave1483 Words à |à 6 Pagesquestions they raised. For instance, Platoââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"Allegory of the Caveâ⬠is essential for philosophy because it answers the question of why should anyone engage in philosophy. This paper will explain Platoââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"Allegory of the Caveâ⬠in both classical and modern manner as well as suggest philosophical topics for further inquiry. Platoââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"Allegory of the Caveâ⬠is told through the lips of Socrates, Platoââ¬â¢s teacher, to Glaucon, Platoââ¬â¢s brother. Socrates suggests imagining a deep cave having a large room and a steepRead MoreAnalysis Of Platos Allegory Of The Cave864 Words à |à 4 PagesOn the surface of Platoââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"Allegory of the Caveâ⬠it is just a simple piece, but the main purpose of the piece is to explain people living in a world of face value and having individuals break free from the main idea to create a new sense of what the world is truly about. In here, Plato uses the writing style of allegory to encompass the use of imagery and symbolism to explain his purpose. He also uses very clever dialogue with constant repetition to represent a bigger idea about the philosophy withRead MoreAnalysis Of Platos Allegory Of The Cave1532 Words à |à 7 PagesIn the allegory written by Plato titled ââ¬Å"Allegory of the Caveâ⬠, Plato discusses the concept of s eeking knowledge and gaining wisdom. He uses a story of prisoners trapped into a cave to represent the confines of reality that humans are put into, and a lone prisoner exiting the cave to represent a philosopher seeking a greater understanding. Platoââ¬â¢s writing tells of the flaw that all humans share, which is the fact that we believe our perceptions to be the absolute, incontestable truth. It is thisRead MoreAnalysis of Platos Allegory of the Cave948 Words à |à 4 PagesPlatos Allegory of the Cave Platos Allegory of the Cave is also termed as the Analogy of the Cave, Platos Cave, or the Parable of the Cave. It was used by the Greek philosopher Plato in his work The Republic to illustrate our nature in its education and want of education. It comprises of a fictional dialogue between Platos teacher Socrates and Platos brother Glaucon. Socrates gives a description of a group of people who spent their lifetime facing a blank wall chained to the wall of a caveRead MoreThe Prisoners in Platos Allegory of the Cave1116 Words à |à 4 Pages They are forced to work and pay taxes. Like the prisoners in Platos Cave, they dont know what is capitalism and consumerism. They might have heard of the word but the level above them have kept a strict circulation of information about it. Happiness is success to them. They think of success as being promoted to the upper level. It could be done by producing an heir that helps them escape or through their own hard work. Platos Cave refer to this le vel as the people who have yet to start questioningRead MorePlatos Allegory Of The Cave Essay1749 Words à |à 7 Pages Platoââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"Allegory of the Caveâ⬠is full of meaningful, thought provoking lessons that have been analyzed be scholars and philosophers for years. One of the basic lessons we can draw from it is immaterial truth, or forms. In Platoââ¬â¢s cave scenario, the men who only see shadows have ideas of what they are seeing. They conclude they can see certain things and can name those things. But what they see as an actual object, they are actually just seeing a shadow of the actual object. ââ¬Å"If they discuss things Rowan Womackhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00240199677306094938noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8365100704254091199.post-12103976489750925542019-12-23T22:17:00.001-08:002019-12-23T22:17:03.351-08:00Analysis Of The Book Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By... Finley Roles November 18, 2016 Mrs. Fellinger AP English 11 Defying Historical Stereotype in Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Civilization evolves over time, trading old ideas for new ones. Society grows in intellect and innovation. Though, despite the heights that humanity has soared, impurity still remains. Regardless of the best efforts, millennia of oppression have ingrained the tendency to hate into the psyche of man, despite centuries of reform. Racism continues to propagate every corner of the globe. Yet, in his modern American novel, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Mark Twain reveals the flaws in racism and the importance of suppressing it through his satirization of religious hypocrisy and elimination of details regarding the treatment of slaves, as well as the depiction of slaves themselves. Through his development of often platitudinous characters, Twain also manages to overcome the stereotype of race and demonstrate to the public that blacks and whites possess the ability to rise above or even sink below the racial boundaries set b y literature. In general, the literature focuses on the Twainââ¬â¢s divergence from the familiar archetypes of benevolent white slaveowner and asinine black slave to more distinct characters. Nevertheless, he initially portrays Jim as the dim and superstitious archetype most individuals of the 1800s envision. He speaks with a very strong and, for some modern readers, offensive accent denoted heavily by various conjunctions andShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Book The Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain1303 Words à |à 6 Pagesare slaves. In the book, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain, Huck and Jim travel down the Mississippi river, and encounter a lot of the aspects of the antebellum south. Because of the society Huck has grown up in, he often overlooks his traveling companion, Jim. Throughout the story, Twain creates a division, that widens as the story evolves, between how Huck views Jim and how the reader views Jim as a person. This theme happen s in almost every part of the book and it is very clearRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain Essay1492 Words à |à 6 Pagesyourself anotherâ⬠. TAG (Title, author, genre): The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Mark Twain, satire full of adventure Context/Background: The story follows a teenager boy as he sets off on an adventure with Jim, a runaway slave. Together, they overcome a variety of obstacles and experience what itââ¬â¢s like to go off in the real world. Thesis: Throughout the novel, Mark Twain frequently Southern society through the use of satire. By doing so, Twain ridicules hypocrisy when he satirizes Miss WatsonRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain Essay2138 Words à |à 9 Pages Period-4 MAJOR WORKS DATA SHEET Advanced Placement English Language and Composition Title: Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Author: Mark Twain Date of Publication: 1999 Genre: Satire Explain what makes this work an example of this genre. Explain what makes this work an example of this genre. Satire means to use irony, humor or exaggeration to show the context of society.I think that Twain uses Satire to compare the irony of life back then as it is today. Biographical Information aboutRead MoreHuckleberry Finn and the use of Satire Essay1109 Words à |à 5 Pages Huck Finn and the use of Satire Mark Twains The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn has been controversial ever since its release in 1884. It has been called everything from the root of modern American literature to a piece of racist trash. Many scholars have argued about Huck Finn being prejudiced. In The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Mark Twain uses satire to mock many different aspects of the modern world. Despite the fact that many critics have accused Mark Twainââ¬â¢s novel of promoting racismRead Morehuck finn introduction7490 Words à |à 30 Pages Huckleberry Finnââ¬â¢s Road to Maturation Huck states to Judge Thatcher Please take it, and dont ask me nothingââ¬âthen I wont have to tell no liesâ⬠(16). That quote is said by Huck to Judge Thatcher when Huck finds his pap is in town and pap will try to take his money. The Maturation of Huckleberry Finn is important because its about Huck making the right decisions to help him and Jim to freedom. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, by Mark Twain, begins with Huck introducing himself. He is wild andRead MoreAnalysis Of Mark Twain s Works Made A Huge Impact On Readers And Literary Critics1288 Words à |à 6 Pages2/26/17 P:2 Outline Mark Twainââ¬â¢s works made a huge impact on readers and literary critics. His writing occurred during both the romantic and realist time eras in American Literature. He has simple, seemingly artless narrators and an understated style leads readers to arrive at the social commentary of his narratives on their own. Mark Twainââ¬â¢s writing influenced society because he created a new perspective on life with the views pointed out in his books. The distinctive trait of Twain s was his senseRead MoreAnalysis Of Mark Twain s The Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn And Henry James1557 Words à |à 7 Pagesmisjudgment between Americans and exotic immigrants. Those famous authors like Mark Twain and Henry James wrote down social and psychological transformations bring out in the nation by creating removed, impartial status of daily life. In order to bring readers to be fascinated and thoughtful by their novels and to depict their character and the readerââ¬â¢s setting to life, Mark Twain in the adventures of Huckleberry Finn and Henry James showed the reality of life in his story Daisy Miller. There areRead More Huck Finn Essay900 Words à |à 4 Pages Tim Lively Critical Analysis: The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Setting: Late 1800ââ¬â¢s along the Mississippi River Plot: When the book begins, the main character, Huck Finn possesses a large sum of money. This causes his delinquent lifestyle to change drastically. Huck gets an education, and a home to live in with a caring elderly woman (the widow). One would think that Huck would be satisfied. Well, he wasnââ¬â¢t. He wanted his own lifestyle back. Huckââ¬â¢s drunkard father (pap), who had previouslyRead MoreThe Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain1854 Words à |à 8 PagesThe Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain is a one of a kind novel. The novel has been debated as controversial since it has been published in 1986. It has been considered racist, due to the ââ¬Å"nâ⬠word. In its earlier days, racist people felt this book was a disgrace, because of the mingling of the two main characters. Among all of the negative comments, this book is truly a ma sterpiece. It is an unforgettable and enjoyable book for everyone to learn and scrutinize; it contains a multitude ofRead MoreHuck Finn Essay1835 Words à |à 8 PagesThe Adventures of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain By Brenda Tarin British Literature 2323 Lois Flanagan January 27, 2009 Tarin ii I. Introduction II. Biographical sketch of author A. Past to present B. Experiences and achievements III Plot analysis A. analysis of plot structure 1. Exposition 2. Complication 3. Crisis 4. Climax 5. Resolution B. Theme of plot IV Rowan Womackhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00240199677306094938noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8365100704254091199.post-77598148974145225812019-12-15T18:47:00.001-08:002019-12-15T18:47:03.711-08:00To Vaccinate or Not to Vaccinate Free Essays A lot of parents stress over the choice of deciding wither or not to vaccinate their children. The reason why deciding to vaccinate children is so difficult is due to the wide range of myths and side effects that are connected with vaccinations. Examples of myths spread to parents all over the United States is that the diseases donââ¬â¢t even exist anymore, rumors of vaccinations weakening a childââ¬â¢s immune system, and the risk of a child becoming autistic due to thimerisol in vaccinations causing autism. We will write a custom essay sample on To Vaccinate or Not to Vaccinate or any similar topic only for you Order Now Side effects also scare parents out of getting their children vaccinated like brain damage, seizures, or allergic reactions. But then parents are pulled back to the thought of the possibility of their child or children catching a very serious life threatening disease. Any of these terrible things occurring in a childââ¬â¢s life makes it very easy for a parent to steer clear of the whole situation, and in ending result, not get their child vaccinated. When children arenââ¬â¢t vaccinated, they are left defenseless against diseases like hepatitis B, measles, mumps, chicken pox, polio, pertussis (whooping cough),à rubella, and more. All these diseases have the ability to easily kill a child within days, and if it werenââ¬â¢t for the vaccines protection over many children in the United States, the spread of these diseases would travel rapidly. There are a lot of people that do not recommend or get vaccinations for children because they think it is unnecessary to vaccinate for a disease that is no longer around. But letââ¬â¢s look at the big picture. If everyone stopped getting the vaccinations what would happen? Todd Neale from Medpage today inquires in San Diego 2008, ââ¬Å"à Although the rate of two-dose immunization against measles was 95% in the area, a single case of measles from a 7-year-old child returning from overseas sparked an outbreak that exposed 839 people and sickened 11 other childrenâ⬠. If those 839 people werenââ¬â¢t protected with strong immune systems or vaccinations, there would have been a drastic dilemma. This is a perfect example of how fast a disease can get out of control. When parents think that its o. k. not to vaccinate because the diseases arenââ¬â¢t around anymore, they are really relying on other children who are vaccinated to keep their own children healthy, which is a gamble. In other words, According to the Childrenââ¬â¢s hospital of Philadelphia, if the immunizations rates drop only a little bit, outbreaks of diseases would sweep across the country rapidly. Another reason parents donââ¬â¢t want to vaccinate is because of the rumor of he vaccinations weakening childrenââ¬â¢s immune system. According to the Childrenââ¬â¢s hospital of Philadelphia ââ¬Å"If 11 vaccines were given to infants at one time (which they arenââ¬â¢t), then about 0. 1 percent of the immune system would be used up, but because B cells and other lymphocytes are constantly replenished, a vaccine never really uses up a fraction of the immune system. For example, the immune system has th e ability to replenish about 2 billion lymphocytes each day. Also a study in Germany revealed that 496 vaccinated and unvaccinated children who received immunizations within the first three months of life had fewer infections with vaccine-related and unrelated pathogens than the non-vaccinated group. So here is the proof that vaccinations will not affect a childââ¬â¢s immune system. Then there is the big scare of vaccines containing the ingredient thimerisol causing autism in children. According to FDA, thimerosal is a mercury containing preservative found in vaccines that prevents bacterial and fungal growth which might occur with repeated puncture of multi dose vials. A lot of controversy has been held between doctors and parents because of prediction of autism being linked to thimerosal. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Vaccine Safety Datalink, ââ¬Å"Preliminary results from the VSD Thimerosal Screening Study published in 2003 did not find an association between thimerosal exposure and autism risk and recent ecological studies has not found a correlation between thimerosal content of vaccines and autism ratesâ⬠. Numerous studies by many scientists have been done and prove that Thimerosal and autism are not related. Examples: Vaccine Education Center at The Childrenââ¬â¢s Hospital of Philadelphia, ââ¬Å"Multiple studies have shown that thimerosal in vaccines does not cause autismâ⬠. Another reason people do not get their children vaccinated is because of risks associated with getting the vaccinations. Scary examples of some of the side effects associated with vaccinations include: seizures, brain damage, high fevers and even death. Letââ¬â¢s take the vaccine for hepatitis B as a good example. The Childrenââ¬â¢s Hospitalà of Philadelphia states, ââ¬Å"About one of every 600,000 doses of hepatitis B vaccine is complicated by a severe allergic reaction called anaphylaxis. The symptoms of anaphylaxis are hives, difficulty breathing and a drop in blood pressure. On the other hand, every year about 5,000 people die soon after being infected with hepatitis B virus. According to Car Accident Statistics from Edgar Snyder and Associates,â⬠Each year, lmost 250,000 children are injured in car crashes, meaning nearly 700 kids are harmed every day. But this doesnââ¬â¢t stop people from putting their children in cars. The chicken pox vaccine is another example that side effects are very rare. According to Medic 8, ââ¬Å"A macular or accine rash usually consisting of a few lesions at the injection site is reported in 3% of children and 1% of adolescents. Cases of allergic reactions to children are very low a nd should hold any parent back from getting children vaccinated. So in conclusion, the diseases that vaccines are made to treat are still around, and it is very easy for a disease to spread. Vaccines do not weaken a childââ¬â¢s immune system because of B cells and lymphocytes being constantly replenished by immune system. Numerous studies have been conducted proving that thimerisol does not cause autism. And The risk of a child having a adverse reaction to a vaccine is so low that its safer than driving down the street in a car. Protect your children from deadly diseases, get them vaccinated. How to cite To Vaccinate or Not to Vaccinate, Papers Rowan Womackhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00240199677306094938noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8365100704254091199.post-35800329930055107712019-12-07T15:31:00.001-08:002019-12-07T15:31:03.362-08:00Romeo and Juliet answers Essay Example For Students Romeo and Juliet answers Essay 1. In what way is this extract important to the play as a whole? In this scene many things that are turning points in the play happen and certain things are revealed about people, such as the nurse and Capulet. At the beginning of the scene, Romeo leaves for Mantua and Romeo and Juliet say goodbye. This is the last time Romeo and Juliet see each other alive, making this one of the sadder parts of the play. After Romeo leaves Lady Capulet enters to tell Juliet about the proposed marriage. After that, Capulet enters to tell Juliet that she does not have any choice and must marry Paris. This part shows a completely different threatening side of Capulet. After Capulet and Lady Capulet leave the nurse also shows a different side by telling Juliet that she would be better with Paris, causing Juliet to lose her trust in the nurse. We will write a custom essay on Romeo and Juliet answers specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now 2. What do we know about the characters prior to this scene? Up to this point in the play, the nurse appears to be a good, trustworthy friend to Juliet but towards the end of the scene she shows a completely different side. Before this point the nurse appears to be a simple minded person who could only do what she thinks is right. She always agrees with Juliet and trys to keep her happy. When Capulet tells Juliet that she must marry Paris the nurse stands up for Juliet, but then tells Juliet that Romeos a dishclout to him and that Romeos as good as dead. This could mean a variety of things. One is that the nurse thinks that if she does this it will help Juliet get over Romeo quicker, another is that the nurse knows that if she argues with Capulet lose her job. The other is that the nurse truly believes this and is not thinking of Juliets feelings. All these mean different things and each show a different aspect to the nurses character. Before now we know that Capulet is a person who likes to fight, especially with Montagues, always thinks of what is best for Juliet, is a good organiser and likes to be in charge. He is very conscious of his social position and is very headstrong. During this scene Capulet shows that he more cares that he looks good and keeps his social status then he cares for Juliets feelings. He shows this by forcing Juliet to marry Count Paris. Juliet is shown to be courageous strong willed and single minded whilst still being emotional and impulsive prior to this part and in this scene continues to act the same. So generally she does not change proving her singe mindedness. 3. What do we about the characters in this scene? Does any of their behaviour seem odd? In this scene we learn a lot about certain characters and little about others. We learn that Capulet has a bad temper when people disagree with him and we learn that the nurse may be quite two-faced. Juliets first reaction to the proposed marriage is to politely refuse at first but at the same time with force. This leads to her getting desperate and begging, her reasons for not marrying is that she hates Paris and if she marries him she will die. There are not many threats but the last one should be more then persuasive if anyone was to believe that she would. Lady Capulet feels that this marriage is reason for happiness and is very happy herself but then turns angry when Juliet refuses, even saying, I wish the stupid girl would marry into her grave. .u7af4212ee9a60bc9e9cdec42b095c9e4 , .u7af4212ee9a60bc9e9cdec42b095c9e4 .postImageUrl , .u7af4212ee9a60bc9e9cdec42b095c9e4 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7af4212ee9a60bc9e9cdec42b095c9e4 , .u7af4212ee9a60bc9e9cdec42b095c9e4:hover , .u7af4212ee9a60bc9e9cdec42b095c9e4:visited , .u7af4212ee9a60bc9e9cdec42b095c9e4:active { border:0!important; } .u7af4212ee9a60bc9e9cdec42b095c9e4 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7af4212ee9a60bc9e9cdec42b095c9e4 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7af4212ee9a60bc9e9cdec42b095c9e4:active , .u7af4212ee9a60bc9e9cdec42b095c9e4:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7af4212ee9a60bc9e9cdec42b095c9e4 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7af4212ee9a60bc9e9cdec42b095c9e4 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7af4212ee9a60bc9e9cdec42b095c9e4 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7af4212ee9a60bc9e9cdec42b095c9e4 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7af4212ee9a60bc9e9cdec42b095c9e4:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7af4212ee9a60bc9e9cdec42b095c9e4 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7af4212ee9a60bc9e9cdec42b095c9e4 .u7af4212ee9a60bc9e9cdec42b095c9e4-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7af4212ee9a60bc9e9cdec42b095c9e4:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Romeo And Juliet Relationship EssayCapulet is also happy and very cal until Juliet says no then he also gets incredibly angry and calls her a slut as well as many other insults. The nurse tries to intervene but he refuses to listen to her and insults her too, 4. If you were to direct a film version of this scene, explain what you would decide for the following: Scenery If I was directing this scene, Juliets room would be really big and spacious. The walls would be a very pale, sandy colour. On the west side would be a balcony that stretches across and curls around onto the south wall. The balcony would have a row of doors so that when they were opened the balcony would be like an extension to the room. In the centre of the north wall would be a huge 4-poster bed with a canopy over the top. Around the bed would be a step down to make the bed slightly lower then the rest of the floor. At the end of the bed would be an oak seat that could be opened up and used to store things. Towards the left of the south wall would be a big chest of drawers, also oak. Next to these drawers would be a chair and on top would be a washbowl and jug. To the left of the east wall, near the bed would be a dressing table with a colossal oval mirror. On here would be all Juliets make-up etc. near the south wall would be a door and another near the east wall. The ceiling woul d be really high with oak beams and the floor would be made of flagstones. Costumes The characters would be in period dress for the 1300s they would probably be quite drab boring colours, most likely brown and creams. Some people would wear brightly coloured clothing but it would probably only be the louder characters such as Mercutio. The nurse would wear a blue dress with a white blouse underneath with a padded rear. She would have a kind of hat, made of cloth that covered most, if not all of her hair. Juliet would be in her nightgown, which would be white, full length and would have frilly/lacy cuffs, neck and hemline. Her hair would be just left to dangle down and be messy. Lady Capulet would be dressed in something similar to the nurse but in a brown colour. Shots The moment when Lady Capulet tells Juliet about the planned marriage I would have a shot of Juliet in bed with Lady Capulet sat on the edge, then when Lady Capulet says bride I would zoom into Juliets face to get a full shot of her facial expression. When Capulet asks Lady Capulet if she has told Juliet about the marriage I would have Capulets face so that I could see both of their reactions. Then I would zoom out so more of their bodies and the room can be seen. Then I would have the nurse standing up for Juliet and I would make sure that I could see Capulets face so that I could see him get angrier and angrier. Then I would have the nurses and Juliets face so that when the nurse speaks against Romeo you could see Juliets reaction and the nurses sincerity. Rowan Womackhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00240199677306094938noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8365100704254091199.post-44236862933428751872019-11-30T03:13:00.001-08:002019-11-30T03:13:03.831-08:00THE PROS AND CONS ABOUT LEGALIZING MARIJUANA Essay Example For Students THE PROS AND CONS ABOUT LEGALIZING MARIJUANA Essay Mainstream vs. Alternative Media; who do we believe? The Journal of Media Studies Writer Discussion of the legalization of marijuanabrings up two main issues, those who are pro- marijuana and those who are anti- marijuana. These issues have beencovered by both mainstream and alternative media, mainstream being pro, and alternative being anti. Thesetwo factions have been arguing over this issue in the halls of justice for many years. Because most of the Americansociety is mainly exposed to only mainstream media, they are not aware of other factors of legalizingmarijuana that alternative media covers. The problem caused by this lack of exposure, is that the public may be deprivedof the truth, and may be led to believe facts that are not true. Marijuana and Medicine Both pro and anti-marijuana groups have discussed whether or not marijuana can be used for medicinal purposes. Mainstream groups do notbelieve that there are any convincing reasons to make marijuana a treatment to sick patie nts. Their position is thatmarijuana can have harmful long-term effects. The Anti-Legalization Forum explains that some of these effects are:impairment of the immune system due to the inability of T-cells to battle off diseases, delaying puberty in both malesand females, and unhealthy and smaller children born to women who used marijuana during pregnancy. TheDrug Enforcement Administration believes that since marijuana is not accepted by any American healthassociations, there is no reason to legalize the drug. They think that the main reason why pro marijuana advocates use themedical use argument is because the uninformed public can be easily convinced to support the movement. Simplynot enough evidence proves that marijuana can be used medically (Claim V). Unlike the D.E.A., lobbyinggroups such as the Cannabis Action Network and the Indiana Civil Liberties Union, believe that marijuana is abeneficial herb, and not a harmful drug (ICLU). Alternative media sources, such as Marijuana A s Medicine, state thatmarijuana can be used as medicine for: nausea, appetite stimulation, relief from vomiting, reduction in spasticity,glaucoma, epilepsy, anxiety, depression, asthma, multiple sclerosis, stimulation of the immune system, Aids patient andcancer patients. For victims with AIDS, cancer and multiple sclerosis, smoking marijuana is believed to helpreduce emesis, suppress vomiting, and stimulate the appetite. People with multiple sclerosis are convinced thatsmoking marijuana also reduces the intensity of their spasms. Marijuana As Medicine, a Cannabis ActionNetwork pamphlet, states that, Two highly qualified and experienced ophthalmologists have accepted marijuana ashaving a medical use in treatment of glaucoma. When taken, parts of cannabis lower intraocular pressure in theeye. There are rumors that marijuana suppresses the immune system. Marijuana Myths dismisses this belief becausethe myth was based on studies where the experimental animals were given near-lethal-dos es of cannabinoids, andthese results have never been repeated on humans. In fact, two studies displayed that the immune system mayactually have been stimulated by the use of hashish and marijuana. On the other hand, a separate alternative sourcestated that marijuana (Delta-nine-THC) does possess an immunosuppressive effect. Marijuana shuts off somecells in the liver, instead of stimulating them. The effect is only temporary and goes away rapidly. According toMarijuana As Medicine, Approximately 30% of all prescription drugs can be replaced by THC, so pro- marijuanagroups lead to believe that one of the reasons why the drug is not legalized is because it would take the profitaway from currently used drugs. These groups suppose that since no one has ever died from marijuana use, it mustbe safe. We can already see the different myths that people read and get confused about. The one thing that pro-marijuana groups agree upon is that Marijuana, in its natural form, is one of the safest t herapeutically activesubstances known to man (Marijuana As Medicine). Marijuana and Crime Another issue considered by the massmedia is whether marijuana has an effect on crime or not. As written in the Anti-Legalization Forum, the D.E.A. We will write a custom essay on THE PROS AND CONS ABOUT LEGALIZING MARIJUANA specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now believes that drug use contributes to crime and violence. Many police officers say that criminal activity is notcaused by dealers, but by those that are under the influence of the drug. A study showed that among males (18-49years old) those who used cannabis were ten times more likely to commit violent acts than non-users. Anti marijuanagroups look to the example of gangs, after the repeal of Prohibition, gangster activity had not decreased. Experts are positive that legalizing marijuana would only add to the burden of criminal, health and social services. There is no denying the fact that drug use changes behavior and exacerbates criminal activity (Claim I). Hempfor Food claims that marijuana supporters believe that the only criminal activity caused by marijuana is donebecause of the illegal status of the drug, and not because of any influence that the drug may have on users. They thinkthat legalization would eliminate black market activity. In Holland, marijuana is legal and so far, the Dutch crimerate has declined and not increased as one would anticipate (87). Supporters of the legalization of marijuana say thatthe United States government can profit from legalizing marijuana because they can tax the drug. A studydone by Vera Rubin, of the Coptic study, found no links of cannabis to criminal behavior. She said that smokers andnon-smokers had identical extroversion scores and work records. There was no proof found that marijuana impairsmotor skills, so she believes that large doses of marijuana cut short ones motivation to work (86) . Marijuanaand Behavior Behavior is altered by using marijuana. The Medical Post states that marijuana has always beendepicted as producing a lethargic, mellow, laid-back effect rather than acting as a stimulant. A study was done onyoung, male marijuana users to show any signs of stimulation. These participants engaged in antisocial behavior. .u49a0ba62f0ac56cd1b6100dd4a6d1d97 , .u49a0ba62f0ac56cd1b6100dd4a6d1d97 .postImageUrl , .u49a0ba62f0ac56cd1b6100dd4a6d1d97 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u49a0ba62f0ac56cd1b6100dd4a6d1d97 , .u49a0ba62f0ac56cd1b6100dd4a6d1d97:hover , .u49a0ba62f0ac56cd1b6100dd4a6d1d97:visited , .u49a0ba62f0ac56cd1b6100dd4a6d1d97:active { border:0!important; } .u49a0ba62f0ac56cd1b6100dd4a6d1d97 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u49a0ba62f0ac56cd1b6100dd4a6d1d97 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u49a0ba62f0ac56cd1b6100dd4a6d1d97:active , .u49a0ba62f0ac56cd1b6100dd4a6d1d97:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u49a0ba62f0ac56cd1b6100dd4a6d1d97 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u49a0ba62f0ac56cd1b6100dd4a6d1d97 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u49a0ba62f0ac56cd1b6100dd4a6d1d97 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u49a0ba62f0ac56cd1b6100dd4a6d1d97 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u49a0ba62f0ac56cd1b6100dd4a6d1d97:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u49a0ba62f0ac56cd1b6100dd4a6d1d97 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u49a0ba62f0ac56cd1b6100dd4a6d1d97 .u49a0ba62f0ac56cd1b6100dd4a6d1d97-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u49a0ba62f0ac56cd1b6100dd4a6d1d97:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Walk A Mile With A Disability EssayThe doctors concluded that these drugs could possibly disturb social interactions. Anti- marijuana groups feel thatlegalizing drugs encouraged non-users that drugs are acceptable (Anti-Legalization Forum Claim III). Hemp for Food, an alternative source printed that subjects in a Jamaican study described marijuana as havingthe effect of making them smarter, more energetic, happy, and more conscious. They believe that the drug producedan overall sense of well-being and self-defense. The subjects used it as a work motivator (86). Theimplication for legalization is that the drug has different effects on different groups of people, so we are not able to predictoutcomes for individuals (Now Research). Marijuana and the Brain Mainstream media believes that marijuanaproduces flat brainwaves. Marijuana Myths asserts that the Partnership for a Drug-Free America ran an ad thattried to display this belief. A few years ago they made a commercial that first showed a normal brainwave, then theyshowed a second brainwave that supposedly belonged to a 14-year-old marijuana user. It was a flatbrainwave that tried to show that the brainwaves or a drug user is the same as a comatose human being. ABC got the groupto admit to lying, yet they still ran the ad. Marijuana Myths wrote about a study that was done to show thatmarijuana causes damage to the brain. The study was thrown out because of its insufficient experiment. There weretoo many criticisms, particularly because the study was done on only four monkeys. Real studies on humans donot show any damage to the brain. In actuality, smoking marijuana has the effect to increase alpha wave activity bya small amount. Alpha waves are related to relaxation, which can be associate with human productivity. Expertsare unsure if marijuana affects short-term memory, but they think that any effect disappears when the person is nolonger under the influence, similar to the immune system effect. According to Hemp for Food, a studydone in 1981 showed that the subjects tested actually believed that smoking potent marijuana 16 times a day hadimproved their minds over a time period of 10 years. Their brains have been tested, and the results showed that therewas no difference between their brains and one of a non-smoker. There is also no proof of an increase in IQ bysmoking marijuana. Another study said that there was no impairment of physiological, sensory and perceptual-motorperformance, tests of concept information, abstracting ability or cognitive style and tests or memory. The studystates that heavy and prolonged use of ganja does not damage one socially or psychologically (86). Marijuanaand the Reproductive System There are many claims that say that marijuana causes damage to the reproductivesystem. The D.E.A. states that smoking marijuana can make young children go through puberty much later thannormal children. They also state that the drug can cause difficulties in babies born to mothers who smoked duringpregnancy. From this source, Peter Fried, Ph.D., found that Marijuana use during pregnancy has harmfuleffects on childrens intellectual abilities a decade or more after they are born. The harm done by drugs is real andlong-lasting. Dr. Drew from the TV program Loveline, had said that marijuana can cause birth defects if either the male orfemale used it, even if it was used four months prior to conception. He also believes that smoking marijuana canlower ones sex drive, and that it does not help if the man has an impotency problem. Marijuana use may lower thesperm count in males, but not to the point to be used as birth control. Marijuana Myths responds to the belief thatmarijuana causes developmental problems in children, by claiming that it was a false rumor created by antimarijuana groups in order to steer people away from drug use. They state the studies done on this subject to befaulty or misread. However, they do admit that there may be some effects to childhood development, but they say thatthey are not drastic and are rare. They say that marijuana does not make men impotent or sterile and that forsome, it enhances their sex lives. Feelings and emotions become more colorful to them. Bill Drake, author o fMarijuana: An Herb for the Aging, states that marijuana may actually arouse an interest in sexuality in the elderly. .ufa89660a2caf64ddef7b641b8a1c36e6 , .ufa89660a2caf64ddef7b641b8a1c36e6 .postImageUrl , .ufa89660a2caf64ddef7b641b8a1c36e6 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ufa89660a2caf64ddef7b641b8a1c36e6 , .ufa89660a2caf64ddef7b641b8a1c36e6:hover , .ufa89660a2caf64ddef7b641b8a1c36e6:visited , .ufa89660a2caf64ddef7b641b8a1c36e6:active { border:0!important; } .ufa89660a2caf64ddef7b641b8a1c36e6 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ufa89660a2caf64ddef7b641b8a1c36e6 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ufa89660a2caf64ddef7b641b8a1c36e6:active , .ufa89660a2caf64ddef7b641b8a1c36e6:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ufa89660a2caf64ddef7b641b8a1c36e6 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ufa89660a2caf64ddef7b641b8a1c36e6 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ufa89660a2caf64ddef7b641b8a1c36e6 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ufa89660a2caf64ddef7b641b8a1c36e6 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ufa89660a2caf64ddef7b641b8a1c36e6:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ufa89660a2caf64ddef7b641b8a1c36e6 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ufa89660a2caf64ddef7b641b8a1c36e6 .ufa89660a2caf64ddef7b641b8a1c36e6-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ufa89660a2caf64ddef7b641b8a1c36e6:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Anne Frank EssayJamaican studies, from Hemp for Food, have displayed that mothers who use marijuana believe that theirchildren are healthier. The experiment that was done that claimed that marijuana is harmful to the reproductive systemwas rejected by the scientific community because the controlled animals were given near-lethal doses. Onceoff of the drug, the animals returned to normal. When done on actual human beings, experiments have not showndamage to the reproductive system. Not all mainstream claims are false, and not all alternative claims are true, butpeople would rather get their news from the television than from a piece of paper that they found in their mailbox . Themajority of the population gets its information from mainstream media sources because they believe that it is morecredible than alternative media sources. Evidence shows how the public is provided with contradictory facts, soone can see that it can be a difficult in choosing the which source to believe. The news has to make stories short, dueto limited time, but alternative media sources have plenty of time to gather hidden or unbroadcastedinformation. In contrast to TV news, documentaries done on this topic are able to spend unlimited hours researchingsince they rarely have deadlines. People should be presented with facts only if they are in complete detail andhave been thoroughly investigated. Alternative media seem to have this ability, yet are sometimes doubted fortheir information because people usually believe things that are said on either TV, radio, or other sources ofmainstream media. There is not much that can be done to fix this problem. Alternative media groups are constrained in themedium of their production. They have small budgets and are unable to spend the same amount of moneythat mainstream media sources spend. Since they dont have expensive equipment to work with, they are forcedto make the best out of what they have. Because their projects may appear unprofessional, people assume thatwhat they have to say cannot be trusted. What people can do is try to educate others of this issue and attempt toget people to change their attitudes toward alternative media. What might be effective is if these alternativegroups put their effort into creating a video or display that exhibited why alternative media is restricted, and whypeople should start looking at their claims from a different perspective. People would be better off if they are faced withboth sides and come to a reasonable conclusion derived from both sources. Since the topic being discussed is onthe legalization of marijuana, we need to use this information in creating a solution for t his dilemma. Because marijuanais illegal, there are few mainstream groups that will go against the law and promote the legalization process. Perhaps groups like C.A.N. can create a video or anything as effective to reach out to the public and make them awareof what they are missing out on. The pamphlets that are already being distributed by these groups are a small step,yet people are still hesitant in believing any information printed on them. However, people might change theirminds if the information written on these pamphlets informed them of reasons to credit them. Alternative mediagroups are getting this idea across slowly. It is only a matter of time until people start taking their claims into account. Works Cited Cannabis Action Network. Cannabis Action Network Strategy and Objectives. New Orleans. . Lies Lies Lies. Berkeley, Lexington, New Orleans. . Marijuana As Medicine. New Orleans. . Restriction Lifted on Growing Hemp. New Orleans: 1993. . This is What The Government Says About Marijuana. Berkeley, Lexington, New Orleans. Cronin, Russell. High Hopes for the First Legal Cannabis Crop. TheIndependent 12 July 1993: 6. Drake, Bill. Marijuana: An Herb for the Aging. 1986. Online. Netscape. 10 Feb 1997. Florida Legalization Organization. Hemp for Food, Fuel, Fiber Medicine, The Economy and theEnvironment. Lacrosse, Florida: 1989: 1-3, 5-8, 15, 80, 86-89. Gettman, John. Marijuana the Brain. High TimesMarch 1995: 33-36. Hager, Paul. Marijuana Myths. Indiana Civil Liberties Union Drug Task Force. Online. Netscape 9 Feb 1997. Hilts, Philip J. Relative Addictiveness of Drugs. New York Times 2 Aug 1994, sec. 3:3+. Now Research Indicates Marijuana is a Stimulant. Medical Post 15 Oct. 1991. Loveline. Prod. David Sittenfeld. With Dr. Drew, Adam Carolla, and Kris McGaha. MTV. 25 Feb. 1997. Rotstein, Arthur H. Pot Studies CalledLikely Key to Brains Secrets. Arizona Daily Star 12 Nov 1995: C12+. United States. Drug EnforcementAgency. Anti-Legalization Forum. FBI/D.E.A. Training Academy: GPO, 1994. Rowan Womackhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00240199677306094938noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8365100704254091199.post-2458349412309113902019-11-25T23:50:00.001-08:002019-11-25T23:50:05.076-08:00The Military Sealift CommandThe Military Sealift Command Executive Summary The Military Sealift Command or MSC was designed to aid in the logistical and transportation needs of the United States Military, and specifically handles the transportation, supply, and personnel needs of the U.S. Navy and other seafaring vessels in the U.S. military.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Military Sealift Command specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Today, the MSC has three main divisions, including the Naval Fleet Auxiliary Force, the Special Missions Program, and the Prepositioning Program. Each subdivision operates under the jurisdiction of the federal government and employees a variable mixture of civilian mariners and enlisted officers. The purpose of this strategic plan is to further describe the current configuration of MSC, its operational nature, the overall vision and value system, and the foreseeable risks and opportunities in the future. Also, this plan will detail the implem entation of the most effective business strategy for the plan future endeavors as well as briefly outline a basic risk management plan. Based on available information, and a clear assessment of the foreseeable risks and responsibilities into the future, this strategic plan will suggest that the best operational framework in which MSC can operate is within an entrepreneurial system, where certain, logistical and routine needs are meet through the contracting of private entities who meet all the criteria for federal employment and contracting. Through this delegation of responsibility, MSC can more easily handle the more immediate needs of coordinating the logistical and transportation support needed by the U.S. Military and associated research and development vessels. Company Background Prior to 1949, marine transportation was controlled by four separate governmental agencies. However, after the end of World War II, it was determined that a singular entity would be better prepared to handle and supervise the multi-faceted arena of sea transportation and logistical support for the United States Department of Defense. Thus, the Military Sealift Command (MSC) was formed. The MSC has always assumed the responsibility for ocean transportation for the military and other governmental entities.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In modern times, MSC is utilized by the U.S. military and their civilian counterparts for the logistics and transportation of such things as fuel, humanitarian aid, research vessels, and military and civilian maritime personnel around the world. In addition, MSC vessels have also played a vital role in the nationââ¬â¢s fight against terrorism.Nearly 16 billion gallons of fuel as well as 110 million tons of supplies and equipment were delivered by MSC in 2008. In addition, medical vessels operated by MSC have been able to treat thousands of patients worldwide. Organizational Mission The organizational mission of the Military Sealift Command is fivefold: provide quality services to our clients, regardless of their needs, provide quality assistance to help them achieve their short and long term goals, to provide support to the Global War on Terrorism, to develop and maintain a support system for all staff and employees, ensure that our resources, including maritime and personnel are always able to meet the needs of our clients, now and in the future. In order to meet these goals and the changing demands of the maritime environment, the MSC is divided into three main subgroups. These subgroups include the Naval Fleet Auxiliary, the Special Mission Program, and the Prepositioning Program. The organizational structure of each of these sub-groups is described in the following paragraphs. Naval Fleet Auxiliary Force This subdivision of MSC contains more than 40 ships which are used for organizing the supply to the US Navy vessels by sea. The ships deliver such things as food, fuel, ordnance, replacement parts, mail service, and other necessary supplies. This resource allows naval vessels to remain at sea, and to have the ability to respond quickly during times of military or humanitarian need. Moreover, the Naval Fleet Auxiliary Force is also responsible for towing and salvage operations along with medical and rescue services. Individual ships are manned by a crew of civil service mariners, and may contain a small group of naval personnel aboard for operational support. The vessels are also operated under governmental ownership. Special Missions Program This section of MSC operates a total of 25 vessels which provide operational platforms and command vessels for both research and military ventures. Routine missions may include such things as oceanographic surveys, underwater surveillance, as well as hydrological and acoustic surveys, and various other missions involved in wartime support . These services are supplied to such entities as the U.S.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Military Sealift Command specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Fleet Forces Command, the Oceanographer of the Navy, the U.S. Air Force, the Strategic Systems Programs Office of the U.S. Navy, and the United States Environmental Protection Agency to name a few. The majority of ships within this section of MSC are operated by civilian mariners that work for private companies contracted by MSC. Also, some ships are operated by a hybrid crew, consisting of both civilian and military personnel that work under the supervision of a U.S. Navy captain. Prepositioning Program This portion of the MSC aids in the readiness strategy of the United States Military. Prepositioning is the act of placing military equipment and key supplies on designated vessels located in significant locations at sea. This ensures the availability of resources d uring times of increased conflict, war, a humanitarian operation, or other contingency. A total of 32 pre-positioning ships are in use by MSC to support all branches of the U.S. military and coalition allies. The Prepositioning fleet includes vessels owned by the U.S. government, chartered vessels, and ones that have been activated from the Maritime Administration Ready Reserve Force. The private contractors employed by the federal government are responsible for selecting the candidates for the crew of the ships which consist mainly of civilian mariners. Vision The overall vision of the Military Sealift Command is to deliver the most innovative and efficient delivery of resources and solutions within the maritime community (Military Sealift Command organization). Value Statements Above all else, Military Sealift Command values the people that make the realization of its vision and mission a reality. These include the employees, the clients, both military and civilian, and those who are affected by what we do for the military community, here and abroad. MSC also places a high value on maintaining a transparent and quantitative decision making process that is highlighted by professionalism, efficiency, and innovation.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Environmental Scan In order to assess and create an effective strategic plan, it is necessary to conduct an assessment of the external, internal and economic factors that will affect the Military Sealift Command. The following subsections will provide a summation of those factors. External Factors The following factors have been designated as external factors that would have a significant influence on MSC: access to global ports and sea-lanes, poor or inadequate infrastructure development, type of information and communication technology utilized, government regulations and fiscal restraints, and investment in new technology. Access to Global Ports and Sea-Lanes In the changing world of global dynamics, the transportation of materials and personnel to international ports and through international sea-lanes is becoming more crucial. Perceived opponents to the successful transportation of goods and services would undoubtedly try to prevent access to certain global ports and sea-lanes, critically affecting the ability of MSC to provide quality resources and personal to our clients. The freedom of access is crucial to the global economy as it facilitates the movement of both resources, and the natural growth and expansion of free trade. The inability of MSC to travel effectively would mean that that the supported presence of the United States Navy has the potential to be adversely effected in a number of established locations. Infrastructure Development Another significant external factor facing the MSC is the challenge of poorly developed or inadequate infrastructure in areas that the U.S. has shown future interests. The areas in question often lack the transportation and logistical necessities found in most developed areas, including airports, seaports, and established road networks. In addition, many of these areas have poor or inadequate water resources, poor sewer or electricity services. These shortcomings will most likely become a direct hindrance to the de ployment of military personnel and their support personnel by the United States and allied countries in a response to humanitarian necessity. Information Technology and Communications While current information technology and communication systems are important to the success of any military operation, the advancement of technology in this area also has the potential to cause problems for the military as well. Perceived opponents also have the opportunity to gain significant technological advances, including the technology currently being used by the United States military forces. These acquired technologies can then be utilized to attack, disrupt, or even degrade the ability of the U.S. military to communicate effectively. Governmental Regulations and Fiscal Restraints Since the military, and indirectly MSC operate under the supervision and guidance of the United States government, they must adhere to any and all regulations, budgetary restraints, and laws that could directly or ind irectly affect them. Currently, the United States government is having to manage a significant budget deficit which has affected many military operations, and therefore the ability to utilized support companies such as MSC. Investment in New Technology Based on the growing determination of the perceived enemies of the United States to utilize new and innovative technology to win the war on terrorism, it is essential that the United States government in new and remodeled programs, improved platforms. This will ensure the continued dominance of the United States military and their allies on the global stage. Internal Factors In addition to numerous external factors that influence the strategic planning of MSC, there are also a number of internal factors that must be accounted for. These include various strengths and weaknesses that have been revealed by a detailed analysis of the internal environment. A SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats) analysis was conducted for Military Sealift Command. It focused on four main areas, including resources, funding, naval-maritime relationships, and workforce. MSC Resources At the current time, MSC operates approximately one hundred and eleven non-combatant civilian-crewed ships worldwide. The MSC also operates approximately fifty military ships that are currently on standby, ready for military use. The headquarters of MSC is located in Washington D.C., and auxiliary branches are located throughout the county. MSC employs approximately 8,000 employees that are comprised of both military and civilian personnel. In addition, another 4,000 civil servants derived from both the United States Marines and federal governments are utilized to strengthen its non-combatant naval auxiliary and special mission ships. Funding There are two major sources of fiscal resourcesfor MSC. These include the transportation working capital and the navy working capital fund. Each funding source is designated for a set of unique purpo ses. The purpose of the Transportation working capital is to finance the operation of sealift services, while the main purpose of the navy working capital fund is to support the naval taskforce, operations, and other military entities. It should be noted that MSC does not obtain funding through its command operations. Operational funding is provided through either a working funds capital, or from invoicing of MSC clients. These are the financial resources utilized by MSC to finance its command operations. MSC is a non-profit making entity, and therefore no profits are built into the budget. Naval-Maritime Relationship According to the Voluntary Intermodal Sealift Agreement (VISA) of the 1990s, an agreement was reached between the US government and the maritime industry. The purpose is to provide joint planning and assured access for the commercial ships at rates agreed upon in cases of national emergency. VISA allows the United States military to use the offshore transport equipment as well as private ships during emergencies, and in times of war. The treaty also allows the government to provide the maritime industry subsidies, and or contracts that involve the transportation of military equipment in times of peace. This enables the establishment of a relationship between the private firms and military, which can later be used during times of conflict. Workforce MSCââ¬â¢s workforce consists of approximately 9,000 employees worldwide. Approximately 80% of those employees are working at sea. The majority are mariners who are employed through a civil service in their respective federal governmental agencies. Other portions of MSC employees work for private firms as commercial mariners, civil servants, or as members of the reserve military. All MSC ships are operated by civilians, as opposed to naval vessels which are operated by military personnel. While operated by civilians, MSC vessels still may be involved in military operations during times of war or conf lict through the transport of military supplies, and communication equipment. This is accomplished through the use of small military compartments and departments that are specifically designed to facilitate these operations. Strength Analysis Based on the information provided above, MSC strengths include a highly trained workforce and a management system that is focused on both quality and safety considerations. Weakness Analysis Despite its apparent strengths, there are a number of weaknesses that have become apparent in the analysis of MSC. One such weakness is the relatively slow hiring process for new shoreline employees. Another weakness is the scarcity of available resources for use by MSC to support military operations in the forms of force sustainment, delivery of combat equipment, fuel, vehicles, ammunition in times of war and peace. This apparent shortfall of supplies has, unfortunately led to misappropriate use of funding in the past. This misuse is due in part to decisio ns made during mission implementation, where the priorities are not financial, but rather logistical. Another weakness, specific to military personnel is the added performance pressure that is experienced due to high turnover rate and the expectation of high performance and promotions. Often these personnel face the dilemma of choosing between careers and professional interests when they are involved in the decision making process (MSC, 2010). Economic Factors In addition to internal and external factors that the MSC strategic plan has identified, there are also a number of economic constraints that can be considered to have both internal and external components. One such economic influence is the changing use and need for energy resources. Since a larger percentage of fossil fuels are being utilized by emerging countries, these limited resources will most likely become unavailable in the foreseeable future. Therefore, alternative energy sources must be found and developed for use b y the U.S. military and their associated civilian operations (MSC 2010). Strategy Organization The primary objective of strategic planning is to understand how a particular business will be implemented, operated in the future, and how the entity will manage expected risks and new developments. There are a number of available strategies that the MSC could undertake, and one of the best alternatives will be discussed in the following paragraphs. Based on information obtained, the most beneficial strategic organizational structure is that of an entrepreneurial company (Pearce, Robinson, 2004, p 34). This assessment is based on a number of criteria, including the expected enhancement of the effectiveness and efficiency in MSC operations. The extensive amount of business management knowledge that has been made available to entrepreneurial systems will allow for a more seamless operation of administrative functions. In addition to operating under an entrepreneurial model, it is also impor tant for MSC to adopt the use of external resources such as outsourcing services that are designed to meet specific criteria and functional uses. By outsourcing certain routine aspects of their operations, some financial resources may be made available for additional employee benefits, additional research and development, or to provide a more stable financial foundation for future endeavors. Another possibility is to utilize more of the civilian workforce than is currently. In most cases, military personnel demand a higher wage, and more benefits than their comparable civilian counterpart. By using more of the civilian resources available, MSC could potentially reduce its overall cost of doing business. Implementation Plan While developing this implementation plan, one should first identify the major objectives that have to be attained by Military Sealift Command. These objectives are as follows: Establish more productive partnerships with private suppliers; Improve HR management i n the organization, especially when we are speaking about slow hiring process and high turnover of military personnel. Increase the speed of internal operations within the agency; Develop better control mechanisms over the resources. The achievement of these objectives is crucial for the effective functioning of the MSC. However, in order to reach these goals one has to single out a set of specific tasks. They can be presented in this way: Make a call for tender in order to attract private contractors. The private contractors of MSC have to be assessed in terms of their reliability, pricing policies, experience in the field, and ability to collaborate with military agencies. Set more stringent accountability standards for private contractors. One of the key issues, faced by MSC is the inability of this organization to control contractor-operated ships. The thing is that in many cases, MSC has to be twice for the same job (GAO, 1995, p 2). They need to make sure that the prices of contractors are reasonable and that overhaul work is done properly. Purchase or design an ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) application that would enable the administration to gain a better control over such areas as human resources, financial reporting, supply chain, etc. Establish a department that would be occupied solely with the recruitment of the civil personnel. As a rule, Military Sealift Command often has to deal with numerous employment agencies, acting as mediators between the employer and the candidate and a result the process of hiring is usually very slow. Therefore, it is advisable to incorporate this agency into the structure of MSC. Review and modify remuneration policies of MSC. It has been mentioned before, the turnover rate in MSC is very high. In part, it can be explained by the fact that the employees are not content with the compensation that they receive for their work or they may be dissatisfied with the way their performance is assessed. It is possible to single out several milestones in this plan: the beginning of tenders and their ending; the design and installation of ERP system; the adoption of new accountability standards. The efficiency of this plan should be measured according to such parameters as the speed of operations, organizational costs, and turnover rate within the company. The administration of MSC has to establish at least workgroups, which would do the following tasks: organization of tenders and assessment of the offerings, made by various private entities; the evaluation of reporting practices within organization and development of new accountability policies; the design of ERP system; recruitment of the civil personnel. Such allocation of human resources seems to be the most appropriate for the needs of MSC. When speaking about the budget estimations, we need to say that it is too early to make them now because at first it is necessary to assess IT needs of the organization. Only on the basis of this assessm ent one would be able to determine what kind of software and hardware is needed by MSC. Besides, one would have to determine the costs of tenders and the costs of creating a new HR department in the organization. Without these data, it is rather difficult to carry out break-even analysis. At this point is rather difficult to set some specific deadline for the implementation of plan. However, we may argue that it will take MSC at least a year and a half to put the plan into execution because tendering process and the development of ERP system are very time-consuming. Overall, the implementation of this plan depends on several success factors: the availability of funding and the willingness of the employees to collaborate with the administration. Risk Management Risk management and contingency planning is defined as the recognition of foreseeable risk, the development of plans to manage those risks, as well as the specific steps that will be taken to minimize the impact from currently unrecognized future risk and problems. The goals of such planning and implementation is to increase the overall prosperity of the company, assess and effectively manage current and future risks, increase the ability of the company personnel to make effective and timely decisions, and to become proactive in managing new situations. Conclusions Based on the current information, and the foreseeable risks and responsibilities in the future, it is believed that the best strategic plan of operation for the MSC is to create a system modeled after entrepreneurial businesses, where coordination is handled by a more centralized administration, and certain routine or other logistical needs of the clients are met through subcontracting qualified private companies. Through this division of labor, it is believed that MSC will be more able to handle the changing risks and operational needs of its clients. Reference List Barney, J. B. (2007). Gaining and sustaining competitive advantage. Upper Sad dle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall. Government Accountability Office. (1995). Weak Control and Management of Contractor-operated Ships. Government Accountability Office. Web. Military Sealift Command organization. (n.d.) n.a. Web. Pearce, J., A., Robinson B. (2004) Strategic management: Formulation,à implementation and control. Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill. Rowan Womackhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00240199677306094938noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8365100704254091199.post-11817346004037724302019-11-22T07:13:00.001-08:002019-11-22T07:13:05.376-08:00Achieving Universal Electricity AccessAchieving Universal Electricity Access PART I: INTRODUCTION Background of Study The importance of modern energy services in promoting socio-economic development has been extensively documented in the literature (Kaygusuz 2011), (Kanagawa and Nakata 2007) (Kanagawa and Nakata 2008). Access to modern energy services is closely related to other indicators of a descent standard of living in the 21 st century, namely, availability of portable drinking water, literacy, health services, child mortality, etc (Meisen and Akin 2008). For example, in rural areas, the higher luminance of modern lighting brightens homes and encourages pupils to study in the nights; clean cookstoves and cookers using liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) can reduce incidences of indoor-air pollution caused by reliance on traditional biomass for cooking (Isihak, Akpan and Adeleye 2012), etc. As the most versatile carrier of energy, electricity is important in the provisions of basic social services in health, water, etc. Electricity is also useful promoting t he income formation in rural areas through the development of rural microenterprises (Akpan, Essien and Isihak 2013a). Electricity also powers large machinery in factories to increase productivity. Modern energy services, especially electricity, are crucial to several sectors of the economy of any country: higher education, agriculture, financial services, communication, rural development, etc. Despite the huge advantages of having access to electricity, several millions of persons around the world lack access to electricity. The International Energy Agency (IEA) estimated that in 2011 about xxx billion persons lacked access to electricity of which xxx million were in sub-Saharan Africa (IEA 2011). Consequently, one of the major energy challenges confronting countries in sub-Sahara Africa is that of providing access to modern energy services to its citizens. The electricity access situation in Nigeria is similar to that of many developing countries: the electricity access rate in Ni geria ââ¬â the percentage of population without access to electricity ââ¬â is 56% (NPC 2014) which is equivalent to about xxx million persons. However, the electricity access rates in the various states vary significantly from 10.9% in Taraba State to 99.1% in Lagos State as shown in Fig. 1. Figure 1: Electricity access rate in Nigeria by states Source of data : (NPC 2014) Three main factors which are inter-related are responsible for this disparity in the electricity access rates across the states: The population density across the states varies significantly as shown in Fig. 2. Places with higher population density have higher commercial activities and in-turn higher demand for electricity. Therefore, transmission and distribution lines are often constructed to deliver electricity to such locations because the electricity so delivered will not be under-utilized [1] ; The major sources of electricity generation are natural gas and hydro. The gas-powered plants are locat ed in the Niger Delta area where there is abundance of natural gas while the hydropower plants are in Niger State. Because transmission lines are constructed to evaluate power from the generation source to demand areas, these states and other states along the path of the transmission lines tend to have higher electricity access rates; Due to the first two reasons itemized above, the national grid does not cover all parts of the country. The electricity grid covers the states with high population density but not those with low population density as shown in Fig. 3. Rowan Womackhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00240199677306094938noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8365100704254091199.post-74707114242752756222019-11-20T21:24:00.001-08:002019-11-20T21:24:06.279-08:00An Analysis of the US and Australian Health Insurance Programs Research PaperAn Analysis of the US and Australian Health Insurance Programs - Research Paper Example Many scholars have compared the two health insurance systems and found surprising data that is of concern. The statistic shows that Australia spends an average of 8.7 percent of its GDP on supporting health and this covers all residents in Australia irrespective of their employment status (Coory). The American government, on the other hand, spends 17.6% of its GDP on healthcare (CMS) and this is far much more than any industrialized country and 47 million citizens still lack health insurance while millions of others are underinsured (Mascarenhas). This is a damning statistic which asks for a deeper analysis. The second issue is that the American Medicaid program only covers those above the age of 65 while the rest have to look for alternative private health treatment (Mascarenhas). On the other hand, the Australian one covers all the individuals including the well-off in society who are entitled to subsidize medical cover with the government paying a certain percentage of it (AHS). Although the Medicaid program is available in the US to cater for the low-income earners, their exist restrictions on who is eligible for that kind of health care program. This leaves most of the population uninsured with many opting for private treatment which is costly and most are unable to afford these costs (HJK). Although there exist some strength s associated with the US Medicare program it is still way back below the Australian Medicare program that covers everyone. The strengths lie in the short waiting time for surgery patients and other patients with chronic complications (Mascarenhas). On the other hand, the Australian program has a long waiting list and this is one of its problems. Despite all, it is better to wait for a long time and be served than to be completely denied the service. The greatest strength in the Australian program is affordability and access and this is lacking in the American programs (DHAC). Rowan Womackhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00240199677306094938noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8365100704254091199.post-86087578360524621822019-11-19T01:09:00.001-08:002019-11-19T01:09:04.183-08:00Media - A Fine Line Between Reporting the News and Creating the News Research PaperMedia - A Fine Line Between Reporting the News and Creating the News - Research Paper Example In actual sense, the journalists are the one that create the news by making them happen newsworthy. Most news organizations deliver news to the people, but they cannot always be where the news. This has led them to use the techniques of creating that could have happened. Through journalistic beats, we find the creation and reporting of news having a clear line to fill the pressures with news demand (Kenneth 45). To support this view, journalist beats being places where news events are usually expected to happen hence providing them with a steady stream of news. The crime report is usually created but not reported, example is the one that was on Toronto Star page A8 (Richard A8). This story is an example of news collected from provincial police officers and reported making it as though the journalist was at the courthouse. This excerpt from Toronto stars exhibits the way news is created and made to be reported. The w audience cannot question the news worthiness hence a fine line betwe en creating the news and reporting the news (Schudson Rowan Womackhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00240199677306094938noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8365100704254091199.post-37203770309315704102019-11-16T13:41:00.001-08:002019-11-16T13:41:05.448-08:00NVQ Assessment Essay Example for Free NVQ Assessment Essay Understand the principles and requirements of assessment 1. Explain the functions of assessment in learning and development. 2. Define the key concept and principles of assessment. 3. Explain the responsibilities of the assessor. 4. Identify the regulations. Compare the strengths and limitations of arrange of assessment methods with reference to the needs of individual learners. 5. Compare the strengths and limitations of a range of assessments methods with reference to the needs of individual learners. Understand how to plan assessment 6. Summarise key factors to consider when planning assessments. 7. Evaluate the benefits of using a holistic approach to assessment. 8. Explain how to plan a holistic approach to assessment. 9. Summarise the types of risks that may be involved in assessment in own area of responsibility. 10. Explain how to minimise risks through the planning process. Understand how to involve learners and others in assessment. 11. Explain the importance of involving the learner and others in the assessment process. 12. Summarise types of information that should be made available to learners and others involved in the assessment process. 13. Explain how peer and self-assessment can be used effectively to promote learner involvement and personal responsibility in the assessment of learning. 14. Explain how assessment arrangements can be adapted to meet off individual learners. Understand how to make assessment decisions. 15. Explain how to judge whether evidence is: a)Sufficientb) Current c) authentic. 16. Explain how to ensure that assessment decision are: a)Made against specifiedb)validc) reliable d) fair. Understand quality assurance of the assessment process. 17. Evaluate the importance of quality assurance in the assessment process. 18. Summarise quality assurance and standardisation procedures in own area of practise. 19. Summarise the procedures to follow when there are disputes concerning assessment in own area of practise. Knowledge to be assessed and evidenced: Understanding how to manage information relating to assessment 20. Explain the importance of following procedures for the management of information relating to assessment. 21. Explain how feedback and questioning contribute to the assessment process. Understanding the legal and good practise requirements in relation to assessment. 22. Explain legal issues, policies and procedures relevant to assessment, including those for confidentiality, health, safety and welfare. 23. Explain the contribution that technology can make to the assessment process. 24. Evaluate requirements for quality and diversity and, where appropriate, bilingualism in relation to assessment. 25. Explain the value of reflection practise and continuing professional development in the assessment process. Rowan Womackhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00240199677306094938noreply@blogger.com0